Century · 1401 – 1500
The world in the 15th century
From 1401 to 1500 the atlas holds 624 states standing at some time, 147 of them founded in it - Inca Empire and Spanish Empire the best known - and 130 ending in it. 285 wars, risings, treaties, discoveries and other events began - Wars of the Roses, Fall of Constantinople and Battle of Grunwald the best known of the events; 689 people were born.
A century here is counted as Wikidata counts it, 1401 to 1500, and holds every row that began in it, however coarsely dated.
What began in the 15th century
By decade first - wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey - then by kind, the best known first.
Wars and battles 221
- Wars of the Roses · war · 1455 – 1487
- Fall of Constantinople · battle · 1453
- Battle of Grunwald · battle · 1410
- Battle of Agincourt · battle · 1415
- Battle of Ankara · battle · 1402
- Hussite Wars · war · 1419 – 1434
- Italian Wars · war · 1494 – 1559
- Battle of Varna · battle · 1444
and 213 more in the atlas.
Regime change 2
- Farce of Ávila · adverse regime change · 1465
- Rebellion of Cao Qin · adverse regime change · 1461
Unrest and atrocity 18
- Mad War · unrest · 1485 – 1488
- Engelbrekt rebellion · unrest · 1434 – 1436
- Praguerie · unrest · 1440
- Cabochien revolt · unrest · 1413
- Cornish rebellion of 1497 · unrest · 1496 – 1497
- Rebellion of the Alpujarras · unrest · 1499 – 1501
- Skanderbeg's rebellion · unrest · 1443 – 1468
- genocide of Indigenous peoples of the Americas · atrocity · 1492
and 10 more in the atlas.
Natural disasters 2
- St. Elizabeth's flood · disaster · 1421
- All Saints' Day Flood of 1436 · disaster · 1436
Treaties 35
- Treaty of Tordesillas · treaty · 1494
- Treaty of Troyes · treaty · 1420
- Second Peace of Thorn (1466) · treaty · 1466
- Treaty of Alcáçovas · treaty · 1479
- Treaty of Lodi · treaty · 1454
- Compromise of Caspe · treaty · 1412
- Treaty of Basel · treaty · 1499
- Treaty of Granada · treaty · 1491
and 27 more in the atlas.
Works and ideas 7
- Americas · discovery · 1492
- Saint Martin · discovery · 1493
- Printing press · discovery · 1439
- Semicolon · discovery · 1494
- Santiago · discovery · 1460
- Redonda · discovery · 1493
- King's Gambit · discovery · 1497
States founded and fallen
Founded 147
- Inca Empire · state · 1438 – 1572
- Spanish Empire · state · 1402 – 1899
- Portuguese Empire · state · 1415 – 1999
- Livonian language · state · 1422 – 1563
- Crimean Khanate · state · 1441 – 1783
- Haudenosaunee · state · 1450 – 1782
- House of Tudor · state · 1485 – 1603
- Khanate of Kazan · state · 1438 – 1552
- Ancien régime · state · 1500 – 1789
- Khanate of Sibir · state · 1490 – 1598
- Songhai Empire · state · 1464 – 1591
- East Turkestan · state · 1463 – 1949
- Khanate of Bukhara · state · 1500 – 1785
- Circassia · state · 1427 – 1864
and 133 more in the atlas.
Ended 130
- Byzantine Empire · state · 285 – 1453
- Goths · state · 100 – 1475
- Khmer Empire · state · 802 – 1431
- Empire of Trebizond · state · 1204 – 1461
- House of Plantagenet · state · 1126 – 1485
- Novgorod Republic · state · 1136 – 1478
- Emirate of Granada · state · 1238 – 1492
- Qara Qoyunlu · state · 1375 – 1468
- Duchy of Burgundy · state · 880 – 1477
- Kingdom of Georgia · state · 1008 – 1466
- Marinid dynasty · state · 1215 – 1465
- Despotate of Epirus · state · 1205 – 1479
- Kingdom of Cyprus · state · 1192 – 1489
- House of Oldenburg · state · 1450 – 1458
and 116 more in the atlas.
Born in the 15th century
The best known first, by how many Wikipedias write about them.
- Leonardo da Vinci · inventor · 1452 – 1519
- Martin Luther · philosopher · 1483 – 1546
- Michelangelo · architect · 1475 – 1564
- Christopher Columbus · explorer · 1451 – 1506
- Niccolò Machiavelli · philosopher · 1469 – 1527
- Nicolaus Copernicus · astronomer · 1473 – 1543
- Ferdinand Magellan · explorer · 1480 – 1521
- Joan of Arc · religious leader · 1412 – 1431
- Raphael · architect · 1483 – 1520
- Albrecht Dürer · mathematician · 1471 – 1528
- Vasco da Gama · explorer · 1469 – 1525
- Hernán Cortés · explorer · 1485 – 1547
- Jacques Cartier · explorer · 1492 – 1557
- Erasmus · philosopher · 1466 – 1536
- Suleiman the Magnificent · ruler · 1494 – 1566
- Mimar Sinan · architect · 1490 – 1588
- François Rabelais · physician · 1494 – 1553
- Thomas More · statesperson · 1478 – 1535
- Charles V · monarch · 1500 – 1558
- Mehmed II · monarch · 1432 – 1481
- Henry VIII · monarch · 1491 – 1547
- Sandro Botticelli · painter · 1445 – 1510
- Amerigo Vespucci · explorer · 1454 – 1512
- Titian · painter · 1488 – 1576
and 665 more in the atlas.
States of the 15th century
Every state that stood at some time in the 15th century, by region, the best known first.
Europe315 states
- France · 481 – present
- Sweden · 900 – present
- Denmark · 800 – present
- Andorra · 1278 – present
- Monaco · 1297 – present
- San Marino · 301 – present
- Holy Roman Empire · 962 – 1806
- Spanish Empire · 1402 – 1899
- Goths · 100 – 1475
- Golden Horde · 1243 – 1502
- House of Habsburg · 1001 – 1780
- Republic of Venice · 697 – 1797
and 303 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa82 states
- Ottoman Empire · 1302 – 1922
- Byzantine Empire · 285 – 1453
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Timurid Empire · 1370 – 1507
- Mamluk Sultanate · 1250 – 1517
- Ethiopian Empire · 1270 – 1975
- Empire of Trebizond · 1204 – 1461
- Emirate of Granada · 1238 – 1492
- Songhai Empire · 1464 – 1591
- Qara Qoyunlu · 1375 – 1468
- Aq Qoyunlu · 1378 – 1508
- Marinid dynasty · 1215 – 1465
and 70 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa26 states
- Mali Empire · 1235 – 1670
- Kingdom of Kongo · 1395 – 1888
- Mutapa Empire · 1430 – 1760
- Kingdom of Benin · 1170 – 1897
- Buganda · 1420 – 1966
- Oyo Empire · 1400 – 1905
- Adal Sultanate · 1415 – 1577
- Ajuran Sultanate · 1201 – 1700
- Sultanate of Ifat · 1285 – 1415
- Ankole · 1500 – 1967
- Kilwa Sultanate · 957 – 1513
- Pate Island · 1300 – 1895
and 14 more; every state of Sub-Saharan Africa.
South Asia92 states
- Kathmandu · 1202 – 1761
- Delhi Sultanate · 1206 – 1526
- Vijayanagara Empire · 1336 – 1646
- Chagatai Khanate · 1225 – 1687
- Khanate of Bukhara · 1500 – 1785
- Astrakhan Khanate · 1466 – 1556
- Kazakh Khanate · 1458 – 1847
- Kingdom of Mysore · 1399 – 1950
- Nogai Horde · 1440 – 1634
- Pandya dynasty · 300 BCE – 1650 CE
- Bahmani Kingdom · 1347 – 1527
- Lodi dynasty · 1451 – 1526
and 80 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia67 states
- Brunei · 1368 – present
- Ming dynasty · 1368 – 1644
- Joseon · 1392 – 1897
- Khmer Empire · 802 – 1431
- Majapahit · 1293 – 1527
- Champa · 192 – 1832
- Ayutthaya Kingdom · 1350 – 1767
- Sengoku period · 1467 – 1615
- Ryukyu Kingdom · 1429 – 1879
- Malacca Sultanate · 1400 – 1511
- Lan Xang · 1354 – 1707
- Aceh Sultanate · 1496 – 1903
and 55 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania16 states
- Maya civilization · 2001 BCE – 1521 CE
- Inca Empire · 1438 – 1572
- Tenochtitlan · 1325 – 1521
- Haudenosaunee · 1450 – 1782
- Aztec Empire · 1325 – 1521
- Tuʻi Tonga Empire · 951 – 1826
- Purépecha Empire · 1300 – 1530
- Chimor · 850 – 1470
- Kingdom of Cusco · 1197 – 1438
- Tlaxcala · 1348 – 1520
- Texcoco · 1202 – 1428
- United Provinces of New Granada · 181 – 1816
and 4 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown26 states
- Rurikids · 862 – 1598
- Great Horde · 1433 – 1502
- Burgraviate of Nuremberg · 1105 – 1486
- Langkasuka · 100 – 1500
- Kingdom of Kakongo · 1500 – 1885
- Ngoyo · 1500 – 1885
- Kingdom of Sine · 1350 – 1969
- Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe · 1220 – 1450
- Möng Mao · 560 – 1604
- Savoyard state · 1003 – 1861
- Venetian Cyprus · 1489 – 1571
- Airgíalla · 331 – 1585
and 14 more; every state of Location unknown.
Its decades and years
The decades and years with a page of their own.
- 1401
- 1402
- 1403
- 1404
- 1405
- 1407
- 1408
- 1409
- 1410
- 1411
- 1412
- 1413
- 1414
- 1415
- 1416
- 1417
- 1419
- 1420
- 1421
- 1422
- 1423
- 1424
- 1425
- 1426
- 1427
- 1428
- 1429
- 1430
- 1431
- 1432
- 1434
- 1435
- 1436
- 1437
- 1438
- 1439
- 1440
- 1441
- 1442
- 1443
- 1444
- 1445
- 1447
- 1448
- 1449
- 1450
- 1451
- 1452
- 1453
- 1454
- 1455
- 1456
- 1457
- 1458
- 1459
- 1460
- 1461
- 1462
- 1463
- 1464
- 1465
- 1466
- 1467
- 1468
- 1469
- 1470
- 1471
- 1472
- 1473
- 1474
- 1475
- 1476
- 1477
- 1478
- 1479
- 1480
- 1481
- 1482
- 1483
- 1484
- 1485
- 1486
- 1487
- 1488
- 1489
- 1490
- 1491
- 1492
- 1493
- 1494
- 1495
- 1496
- 1497
- 1498
- 1499
- 1500
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1400 – 1500: every state, war and life of the 15th century, region by region.
- On the map in 1450: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.