State · 1206 – 1526

Delhi Sultanate

A state of 1206 – 1526 — 320 years in South Asia. It replaced Ghurid dynasty, Pandya dynasty and Kakatiya dynasty and 8 more. It was followed by Mughal Empire. The atlas records 20 things within it — people 20. Its line of rulers holds 19 people. Its own article says it was conquered by India.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 320 years; 1206 – 1526
Rulers: 19; the Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi)
Most ground: 2.46 million km²; in 1333
Within it: 20; recorded rows
Symbol: 1; on record, with years

Map: Delhi Sultanate in 1333, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Delhi Sultanate in 1333, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 2.46 million km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Delhi Sultanate in 1210, first mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Delhi Sultanate in 1333, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

Before it

Gahadavala dynasty · replaces · 1089 – 1197
Ghurid dynasty · replaces · 1011 – 1215
Chandelas of Jejakabhukti · replaces · 831 – 1311
Kakatiya dynasty · replaces · 1163 – 1323
Yajvapala dynasty · replaces
Deva dynasty · replaces
Seuna (Yadava) dynasty · replaces · 1173 – 1317
Musunuri Nayaks · replaces
Paramara dynasty · replaces · 980 – 1235
Vaghela dynasty · replaces
Pandya dynasty · replaces · 300 BCE – 1650 CE

After it

Mughal Empire · followed by · 1526 – 1857

How it ended, as its article says

Conquered by India, 1526. Read from the article's section “lead” by its grammar; the claim is only that the article says so.

In 1526, Timurid ruler Babur invaded northern India and conquered the sultanate, leading to its succession by the Mughal Empire.

One sentence of the English Wikipedia article, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Rulers

The line of Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi) - the office this state names as its head of state.

killed, executed or dead in battledeposed, abdicated, exiled or removeddied in officeending not on record

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source	To the ruler before
Qutb ud-Din Aibak	1206 – 1210	4 years	died by accidentWikidata's manner of death
Aram Shah	1210 – 1211	1 year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Iltutmish	1211 – 1236	25 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Rukn ud din Firuz	1236 – 1236	under a year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Razia Sultan	1236 – 1240	4 years	deposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article	sibling
Muiz ud din Bahram	1240 – 1242	2 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	sibling
Masud Shah	1242 – 1245	3 years	ending not on record
Mahmud I of Delhi	1245 – 1266	21 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Ghiyas ud din Balban	1266 – 1287	21 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Muiz ud din Qaiqabad	1287 – 1290	3 years	killed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article	grandchild
Shamsuddin Kayumars	1290 – 1290	under a year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Jalal-ud-Din Khalji	1290 – 1296	6 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Muhammad Shah III	1389 – 1394	5 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Sikandar-Xah Tughluq	1394 – 1394	under a year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Mahmud Shah II	1394 – 1413	19 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Muhammad Shah IV	1434 – 1446	12 years	the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone
Bahlul Khan Lodi	1451 – 1489	38 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Sikandar Khan Lodi	1489 – 1517	28 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Ibrahim Khan Lodi	1517 – 1526	9 years	died in battleWikidata's manner of death	child

19 rulers, 19 with terms dated as terms, covering 1206 – 1526. Median reign 5 years. 2 of 18 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

580,000 km² in 1231, 218,100 km² in 1526; at its largest 2.45 million km² in 1331. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flag or arms

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

flag, undatedDelhi Sultanate Flag · Public domain

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1200 – 12999 rows

Razia Sultan · ruler · 1205 – 1240
Muhammad bin Tughluq · commander · 1297 – 1351
Ghiyas ud din Balban · ruler · 1201 – 1287
Jalal-ud-Din Khalji · ruler · 1220 – 1296
Mahmud I of Delhi · ruler · 1246 – 1266
Muiz ud din Bahram · ruler · 1212 – 1242
Muiz ud din Qaiqabad · ruler · 1269 – 1290
Masud Shah · ruler · 1201 – 1245

and 1 more in the atlas.

1300 – 13995 rows

Firuz Shah Tughlaq · commander · 1309 – 1388
Tughluq Khan · person · 1301 – 1389
Muhammad Shah IV · ruler · 1397 – 1445
Mahmud Shah II · ruler · 1350 – 1413
Muhammad Shah III · ruler · 1352 – 1394

1400 – 14993 rows

Ibrahim Khan Lodi · ruler · 1480 – 1526
Bahlul Khan Lodi · ruler · 1400 – 1489
Sikandar Khan Lodi · ruler · 1458 – 1517

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood320 years
stood longer than 75% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held2,455,100 km²
held more ground at its peak than 93% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median5 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 18% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record19
has more rulers on record than 91% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 7 causes the record names and 3 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

linked

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 1174 – 1558, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 1333, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q229411 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · one sentence of the English Wikipedia article, CC BY-SA 4.0 · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.