Pastlasby Oleh Voronko

State · 550 BCE – 1979 CE

Persian Empire

A state of 550 BCE – 1979 CE — 2,529 years in the Middle East and North Africa. It was replaced by Iran. The atlas records 8 things within it — people 8. Its line of rulers holds 57 people, 50 with dated terms.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood
2,529 years
550 BCE – 1979
Rulers
57
the Padishah
Within it
8
recorded rows
Symbol
1
on record, with years

Where it sits in time

3000 BCE2000 BCE1000 BCE110002000Iran: 1979 – 2026Persian Empire: 550 BCE – 1979

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

After it

  • Iran · replaced by · 1979 – present

Rulers

The line of Padishah.

Cambyses II · 530 BCE – 522 BCE · died in office of natural causesBardiya · 522 BCE – 522 BCE · killedDarius the Great · 522 BCE – 486 BCE · died in office, manner not recordedAtossa · 522 BCE – 475 BCE · died in office, manner not recordedXerxes I · 486 BCE – 465 BCE · deposed or removedXerxes II · 424 BCE – 424 BCE · killed, the article saysSogdianus · 424 BCE – 423 BCE · executedDarius II · 423 BCE – … · no end recordedArses · 338 BCE – 336 BCE · killedDarius III · 336 BCE – 330 BCE · died in office, manner not recordedArdashir I · 224 – 242 · the term ends after the recorded deathShapur I · 240 – 270 · no death date to read the end againstHormizd I · 270 – 271 · left office aliveBahram I · 271 – 274 · left office aliveBahram II · 274 – 293 · deposed, the article saysBahram III · 293 – 293 · no death date to read the end againstNarseh · 293 – 302 · died in office, manner not recordedHormizd II · 302 – 309 · died in office, manner not recordedAdur Narseh · 309 – 309 · died in office, manner not recordedShapur II · 309 – 379 · died in office, manner not recordedArdashir II · 379 – 383 · died in office, manner not recordedShapur III · 383 – 388 · no death date to read the end againstBahram IV · 388 – 399 · killed, the article saysYazdegerd I · 399 – 420 · left office aliveShapur IV · 420 – 420 · died in office, manner not recordedKhosrau the Usurper · 420 – 420 · left office aliveBahram V · 420 – 438 · died by accidentYazdegerd II · 438 – 457 · no death date to read the end againstHormizd III · 457 – 459 · no death date to read the end againstPeroz I · 459 – 484 · no death date to read the end againstBalash · 484 – 488 · no death date to read the end againstKavad I · 488 – 496 · left office aliveKavad I · 498 – 531 · died in office, manner not recordedKhosrow I · 531 – 579 · died in office, manner not recordedHormizd IV · 579 – 590 · killedKhosrow II · 590 – … · deposed, the article saysKavad II · 628 – 628 · died in office of natural causesArdashir III · 628 – 630 · killedShahrbaraz · 630 – 630 · killedAzarmidokht · 630 – 631 · killedFarrukh Hormizd · 630 – 631 · killedYazdegerd III · 632 – 651 · left office aliveMuhammad ibn Abi'l-Saj · 889 – 901 · no death date to read the end againstAbu'l-Musafir al-Fath · 928 – 929 · killed, the article saysTekuder · 1282 – 1284 · died in office, manner not recordedNader Shah · 1736 – 1747 · killedAdel Shah · 1747 – 1748 · left office aliveEbrahim Afshar · 1748 – 1748 · left office aliveShahrokh Shah · 1748 – 1760 · left office aliveReza Shah · 1925 – 1941 · left office aliveMohammad Reza Pahlavi · 1941 – 1979 · left office alive500 BCE150010001500
killed, executed or dead in battledeposed, abdicated, exiled or removeddied in officeleft alive by a regular roadending not on recorda second row: a reign that began before the last had ended — rival claimants, or a shared throne

55 terms are shared from [object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object].

RulerReignLengthHow it ended · sourceTo the ruler before
Cambyses II · from the line of Achaemenid Empire530 BCE – 522 BCE8 yearsdied in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death
Bardiya · from the line of Achaemenid Empire522 BCE – 522 BCEunder a yearkilledWikidata's manner of deathsibling
Darius the Great · from the line of Achaemenid Empire522 BCE – 486 BCE36 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alonein-law
Atossa · from the line of Achaemenid Empire522 BCE – 475 BCE47 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alonespouse
Xerxes I · from the line of Achaemenid Empire486 BCE – 465 BCE21 yearsdeposed or removedWikidata's end cause on the termchild
Xerxes II · from the line of Achaemenid Empire424 BCE – 424 BCEunder a yearkilled, the article saysread from the ruler's own articlegrandchild
Sogdianus · from the line of Achaemenid Empire424 BCE – 423 BCE1 yearexecutedWikidata's manner of deathsibling
Darius II · from the line of Achaemenid Empire423 BCE – —no end recordedending not on recordsibling
Arses · from the line of Achaemenid Empire338 BCE – 336 BCE2 yearskilledWikidata's manner of death
Darius III · from the line of Achaemenid Empire336 BCE – 330 BCE6 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Ardashir I · from the line of Sasanian Empire224 – 24218 yearsthe term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone
Shapur I · from the line of Sasanian Empire240 – 27030 yearsending not on recordchild
Hormizd I · from the line of Sasanian Empire270 – 2711 yearleft office aliveread off the dates alonechild
Bahram I · from the line of Sasanian Empire271 – 2743 yearsleft office aliveread off the dates alonesibling
Bahram II · from the line of Sasanian Empire274 – 29319 yearsdeposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own articlechild
Bahram III · from the line of Sasanian Empire293 – 293under a yearending not on recordchild
Narseh · from the line of Sasanian Empire293 – 3029 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Hormizd II · from the line of Sasanian Empire302 – 3097 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alonechild
Adur Narseh · from the line of Sasanian Empire309 – 309under a yeardied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alonechild
Shapur II · from the line of Sasanian Empire309 – 37970 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alonesibling
Ardashir II · from the line of Sasanian Empire379 – 3834 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alonesibling
Shapur III · from the line of Sasanian Empire383 – 3885 yearsending not on record
Bahram IV · from the line of Sasanian Empire388 – 39911 yearskilled, the article saysread from the ruler's own articlechild
Yazdegerd I · from the line of Sasanian Empire399 – 42021 yearsleft office aliveread off the dates alonesibling
Shapur IV · from the line of Sasanian Empire420 – 420under a yeardied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alonechild
Khosrau the Usurper · from the line of Sasanian Empire420 – 420under a yearleft office aliveread off the dates alone
Bahram V · from the line of Sasanian Empire420 – 43818 yearsdied by accidentWikidata's manner of death
Yazdegerd II · from the line of Sasanian Empire438 – 45719 yearsending not on recordchild
Hormizd III · from the line of Sasanian Empire457 – 4592 yearsending not on recordchild
Peroz I · from the line of Sasanian Empire459 – 48425 yearsending not on recordsibling
Balash · from the line of Sasanian Empire484 – 4884 yearsending not on recordsibling
Kavad I · from the line of Sasanian Empire488 – 4968 yearsleft office aliveread off the dates alonenephew or niece
Kavad I · from the line of Sasanian Empire498 – 53133 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Khosrow I · from the line of Sasanian Empire531 – 57948 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alonechild
Hormizd IV · from the line of Sasanian Empire579 – 59011 yearskilledWikidata's manner of deathchild
Khosrow II · from the line of Sasanian Empire590 – —no end recordeddeposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own articlechild
Kavad II · from the line of Sasanian Empire628 – 628under a yeardied in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of deathchild
Ardashir III · from the line of Sasanian Empire628 – 6302 yearskilledWikidata's manner of deathchild
Shahrbaraz · from the line of Sasanian Empire630 – 630under a yearkilledWikidata's manner of death
Azarmidokht · from the line of Sasanian Empire630 – 6311 yearkilledWikidata's manner of death
Farrukh Hormizd · from the line of Sasanian Empire630 – 6311 yearkilledWikidata's manner of death
Yazdegerd III · from the line of Sasanian Empire632 – 65119 yearsleft office aliveread off the dates alone
Muhammad ibn Abi'l-Saj · from the line of Sajid dynasty889 – 90112 yearsending not on record
Abu'l-Musafir al-Fath · from the line of Sajid dynasty928 – 9291 yearkilled, the article saysread from the ruler's own articlechild
Tekuder1282 – 12842 yearsdied in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Nader Shah · from the line of Afsharid dynasty1736 – 174711 yearskilledWikidata's manner of death
Adel Shah · from the line of Afsharid dynasty1747 – 17481 yearleft office aliveread off the dates alonenephew or niece
Ebrahim Afshar · from the line of Afsharid dynasty1748 – 1748under a yearleft office aliveread off the dates alonesibling
Shahrokh Shah · from the line of Afsharid dynasty1748 – 176012 yearsleft office aliveread off the dates alone
Reza Shah · from the line of Pahlavi dynasty1925 – 194116 yearsleft office aliveread off the dates alone
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi · from the line of Pahlavi dynasty1941 – 197938 yearsleft office aliveread off the dates alonechild

57 rulers, 50 with terms dated as terms, covering 530 BCE – 1979. Median reign 7 years. 21 of 50 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Flag or arms

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

  • Standard of Cyrus the Great
    flag, undatedStandard of Cyrus the Great · Public domain

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

600 BCE – 501 BCE: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other600 BCE500 BCE – 401 BCE: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other400 BCE – 301 BCE: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other300 BCE – 201 BCE: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other300 BCE200 BCE – 101 BCE: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other100 BCE – 1 BCE: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other0 – 99: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other0100 – 199: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other200 – 299: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other300 – 399: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other300400 – 499: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other500 – 599: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other600 – 699: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other600700 – 799: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other800 – 899: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other900 – 999: 1 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 1 other9001000 – 1099: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other1100 – 1199: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other1200 – 1299: 1 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 1 other12001300 – 1399: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other1400 – 1499: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other1500 – 1599: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other15001600 – 1699: 1 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 1 other1700 – 1799: 3 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 3 other1800 – 1899: 1 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 1 other18001900 – 1999: 1 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 1 other

900 – 9991 row

1200 – 12991 row

1600 – 16991 row

1700 – 17993 rows

1800 – 18991 row

1900 – 19991 row

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

  • How long it stood2,529 years

    stood longer than 100% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.

  • Wars recorded per centurynone

    had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.

  • How long a reign lasted, at the median7 years

    had longer reigns, at the median, than 26% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.

  • Rulers on record57

    has more rulers on record than 98% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 0 causes the record names and 1 result, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979Persian EmpireIran · Linked · 1979 – 2026Iran500 BCE1500100015002000
linked

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Open in the atlas

Wikidata Q83311 (CC0) · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.