State · 1378 – 1508

Aq Qoyunlu

A state of 1378 – 1508 — 130 years in the Middle East and North Africa. It was followed by Safavid Iran. The atlas records 4 things within it — wars and battles 1 · people 3. Its line of rulers holds 7 people.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 130 years; 1378 – 1508
Rulers: 7; the Sultan of the Aq Qoyunlu
Most ground: 1.70 million km²; in 1475
Within it: 4; recorded rows
Symbols: 3; on record, with years

Map: Aq Qoyunlu in 1475, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Aq Qoyunlu in 1475, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 1.70 million km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Aq Qoyunlu in 1407, first mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Aq Qoyunlu in 1475, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

After it

Safavid Iran · followed by · 1501 – 1736

Rulers

Read from the state’s own English article and its rulers’ articles, where Wikidata names no ruler.

killed, executed or dead in battleending not on recorda second row: a reign that began before the last had ended — rival claimants, or a shared throne

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source	To the ruler before
Qara Yuluk Osman Beg	1378 – 1435	57 years	ending not on record
Ali bin Qara Yoluq Osman	1435 – 1438	3 years	ending not on record	child
Uzun Hasan	1452 – 1452	under a year	ending not on record	child
Baysunghur (Aq Qoyunlu)	1490 – 1493	3 years	killed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article	grandchild
Rüstam bay	1492 – 1497	5 years	ending not on record
Ahmad Beg	1497 – 1497	under a year	ending not on record
Murad	1497 – 1508	11 years	ending not on record

7 rulers, 7 with terms dated as terms, covering 1378 – 1508. Median reign 3 years. 2 of 6 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

56,800 km² in 1408, 350,400 km² in 1508; at its largest 1.70 million km² in 1478. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flags and arms, in order

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

flag, undatedFlag of Ak Koyunlu · Public domain
coat of arms, undatedBayundur · Public domain
flag, undatedFlag of the Aq Qoyunlu · CC0

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1400 – 14994 rows · 1 wars and battles

Uzun Hasan · person · 1423 – 1478
Quli Qutb Shah · ruler · 1485 – 1543
Battle of Otlukbeli · battle · 1473
Yaqub Aq Qoyunlu · person · 1464 – 1490

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood130 years
stood longer than 52% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held1,702,200 km²
held more ground at its peak than 90% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median3 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 9% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record7
has more rulers on record than 73% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 1 cause the record names and 1 result, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

in the articlelinked

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Theories that apply to its ending

Of 3 theories of why states fall, 1 has every condition present at this ending and 1 some of them; each is applied by its own logic, condition by condition, and whether its authors named this case is a footnote.

Dynastic cycle and the decay of group feeling
Ibn Khaldun 1377 · Turchin & Nefedov 2009
Applies by its own logic: the condition it names held here, and this is the kind of outcome it predicts — adverse regime change or the state's ending.
- the state 90 to 160 years old — ageBand 130

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 1365 – 1521, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 1475, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q555994 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.