Decade · 1290 – 1299
The world in the 1290s
From 1290 to 1299 the atlas holds 434 states standing at some time. 42 things began - Monaco, Nizhny Novgorod and Majapahit among them - and 10 ended; 44 people were born and 43 died.
Its years
The years of the decade with a page of their own: ten or more things dated to the year.
What began in the 1290s
By kind, the best known first.
States 20
- Monaco · state · 1297 – present
- Nizhny Novgorod · state · 1294 – 1394
- Majapahit · state · 1293 – 1527
- Ottoman dynasty · state · 1299
- Old Swiss Confederacy · state · 1291 – 1798
- Khalji dynasty · state · 1290 – 1320
- Lan Na · state · 1292 – 1775
- Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg · state · 1296 – 1876
and 12 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 16
- Battle of Falkirk · battle · 1298
- Battle of Stirling Bridge · battle · 1297
- Siege of Acre · battle · 1291
- First War of Scottish Independence · war · 1296 – 1328
- Mongol invasion of Java · war · 1293
- Battle of Wadi al-Khaznadar · battle · 1299
- Battle of Dunbar · battle · 1296
- Battle of Curzola · battle · 1298
and 8 more in the atlas.
Unrest and atrocity 2
- Rintfleisch massacres · atrocity · 1298
- Khalji Revolution · unrest · 1290
Natural disasters 1
- 1290 Zhili earthquake · disaster · 1290
Treaties 3
- Treaty of Alcañices · treaty · 1297
- Treaty of Anagni · treaty · 1295
- Treaty of Tarascon · treaty · 1291
What ended in the 1290s
States 8
- Kingdom of Jerusalem · state · 1099 – 1291
- Mamluk dynasty · state · 1206 – 1290
- Duchy of Saxony · state · 804 – 1296
- Pagan Kingdom · state · 849 – 1297
- Singhasari Kingdom · state · 1222 – 1292
- Haripuñjaya · state · 661 – 1292
- Grand Duchy of Kraków · state · 1279 – 1293
- Lordship of Beirut · state · 1110 – 1291
Wars and battles 1
- Crusades · war · 1095 – 1291
Unrest and atrocity 1
- Prussian uprisings · unrest · 1242 – 1295
Born and died
Born 44
- Pope Clement VI · bishop · 1291 – 1352
- Philip VI of France · ruler · 1293 – 1350
- Charles IV of France · monarch · 1294 – 1328
- Philip V of France · ruler · 1293 – 1322
- John VI Kantakouzenos · writer · 1292 – 1383
- Andronikos III Palaiologos · monarch · 1297 – 1341
- John of Bohemia · ruler · 1296 – 1346
- Isabella of France · person · 1295 – 1358
- Afonso IV of Portugal · ruler · 1291 – 1357
- Gregory Palamas · philosopher · 1296 – 1359
- Muhammad bin Tughluq · military leader · 1297 – 1351
- Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya · scientist · 1292 – 1350
- Algirdas · ruler · 1296 – 1377
- Albert II of Austria · religious leader · 1298 – 1358
- Alfonso IV of Aragon · ruler · 1299 – 1336
- Nicephorus Gregoras · astronomer · 1295 – 1360
and 28 more in the atlas.
Died 43
- Saadi Shirazi · poet · 1184 – 1292
- Kublai Khan · military leader · 1215 – 1294
- Roger Bacon · inventor · 1219 – 1292
- Rudolf I of Germany · person · 1218 – 1291
- Margaret, Maid of Norway · monarch · 1283 – 1290
- Eleanor of Castile · person · 1241 – 1290
- Eleanor of Provence · politician · 1223 – 1291
- Margaret of Provence · person · 1221 – 1295
- Adolf, King of the Romans · person · 1255 – 1298
- Przemysł II · politician · 1257 – 1296
- Alfonso III of Aragon · ruler · 1265 – 1291
- Ladislaus IV of Hungary · monarch · 1262 – 1290
- Sancho IV of Castile · politician · 1258 – 1295
- Arghun · ruler · 1258 – 1291
- Magnus Ladulås · ruler · 1240 – 1290
- Ramkhamhaeng · monarch · 1279 – 1298
and 27 more in the atlas.
States of the 1290s
The states that stood at some time in the 1290s, by region, the best known first, with who held the highest office in 1290.
Europe244 states
- France · 481 – present
- Sweden · 900 – present · Magnus Ladulås, Monarch of Sweden since 1275 and Birger, King of Sweden, Monarch of Sweden since 1290
- Denmark · 800 – present · Eric VI of Denmark, Monarch of Denmark since 1286
- Andorra · 1278 – present · Pere d'Urtx, Episcopal Co-Prince since 1278 and Roger-Bernard III of Foix, French co-prince of Andorra since 1278
- Monaco · 1297 – present
- San Marino · 301 – present
- Holy Roman Empire · 962 – 1806
- Vikings · 793 – 1332
and 236 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa64 states
- Byzantine Empire · 285 – 1453 · Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor since 1282
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Kingdom of Jerusalem · 1099 – 1291 · Henry II of Cyprus, monarch since 1285
- Ilkhanate · 1256 – 1335 · Arghun, khan since 1284
- Ayyubid dynasty · 1171 – 1341 · Qalawun, Sultan of Egypt since 1279 and Al-Ashraf Khalil, Sultan of Egypt since 1290
- Sultanate of Rum · 1077 – 1307 · Mesud II, Sultan of Rum since 1284
- Mamluk Sultanate · 1250 – 1517 · Al-Hakim I, Abbasid caliph since 1262 and Qalawun, Sultan of Egypt since 1279
- Ethiopian Empire · 1270 – 1975 · Yagbe'u Seyon, Emperor of Ethiopia since 1285
and 56 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa11 states
- Mali Empire · 1235 – 1670
- Kingdom of Benin · 1170 – 1897 · Oguola, Oba of Benin since 1280
- Ajuran Sultanate · 1201 – 1700
- Sultanate of Ifat · 1285 – 1415
- Kilwa Sultanate · 957 – 1513
- Kingdom of Nri · 1000 – 1911
- Warsangali Sultanate · 1218 – 1886
- Kingdom of Damot · 1100 – 1317
and 3 more; every state of Sub-Saharan Africa.
South Asia46 states
- Kathmandu · 1202 – 1761
- Delhi Sultanate · 1206 – 1526 · Muiz ud din Qaiqabad, Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi) since 1287 and Jalal-ud-Din Khalji, Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi) since 1290
- Chagatai Khanate · 1225 – 1687
- Mamluk dynasty · 1206 – 1290 · Muiz ud din Qaiqabad, Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi) since 1287 and Shamsuddin Kayumars, Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi) since 1290
- Pandya dynasty · 300 BCE – 1650 CE
- Hoysala Kingdom · 1026 – 1343 · Narasimha III, Hoysala king since 1263
- Khalji dynasty · 1290 – 1320
- White Horde · 1227 – 1500 · Talabuga, khan since 1287 and Toqta, khan since 1290
and 38 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia41 states
- Mongol Empire · 1206 – 1368 · Kublai Khan, khagan since 1260
- Yuan dynasty · 1271 – 1368 · Kublai Khan, Emperor of China since 1271
- Khmer Empire · 802 – 1431
- Srivijaya · 650 – 1377
- Majapahit · 1293 – 1527
- Champa · 192 – 1832 · Jaya Simhavarman III, king since 1285
- Goryeo · 918 – 1392 · Chungnyeol of Goryeo, monarch since 1274
- Pagan Kingdom · 849 – 1297 · Kyawswa of Pagan, King of Burma since 1289
and 33 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania12 states
- Maya civilization · 2001 BCE – 1521 CE
- Ancestral Puebloans · 850 – 1304
- Tuʻi Tonga Empire · 951 – 1826
- Norse settlement of North America · 1072 – 1384
- Chimor · 850 – 1470
- Kingdom of Cusco · 1197 – 1438 · Lloque Yupanqui, Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cusco since 1260 and Mayta Cápac, Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cusco since 1290
- Sican culture · 700 – 1375
- Texcoco · 1202 – 1428
and 4 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown16 states
- Rurikids · 862 – 1598
- Burgraviate of Nuremberg · 1105 – 1486
- Langkasuka · 100 – 1500
- House of Ögedei · 1200 – 1400
- Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe · 1220 – 1450
- Möng Mao · 560 – 1604
- Savoyard state · 1003 – 1861
- Airgíalla · 331 – 1585
and 8 more; every state of Location unknown.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1270 – 1319: every state, war and life of the 1290s, region by region.
- On the map in 1295: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.