State · 1206 – 1290

Mamluk dynasty

A state of 1206 – 1290 — 84 years in South Asia. The atlas records 1 thing within it — wars and battles 1. Its line of rulers holds 10 people.

Wikidata's English label: Mamluk Sultanate.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 84 years; 1206 – 1290
Rulers: 10; the Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi)
Most ground: 1.35 million km²; in 1260
Within it: 1; recorded row
Symbol: 1; on record, with years

Map: Mamluk dynasty in 1260, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Mamluk dynasty in 1260, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 1.35 million km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Mamluk dynasty in 1210, first mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Mamluk dynasty in 1260, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold.

Rulers

The line of Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi).

killed, executed or dead in battledeposed, abdicated, exiled or removeddied in officeending not on record

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source	To the ruler before
Qutb ud-Din Aibak	1206 – 1210	4 years	died by accidentWikidata's manner of death
Aram Shah	1210 – 1211	1 year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Iltutmish	1211 – 1236	25 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Rukn ud din Firuz	1236 – 1236	under a year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Razia Sultan	1236 – 1240	4 years	deposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article	sibling
Muiz ud din Bahram	1240 – 1242	2 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	sibling
Masud Shah	1242 – 1245	3 years	ending not on record
Ghiyas ud din Balban	1266 – 1287	21 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Muiz ud din Qaiqabad	1287 – 1290	3 years	killed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article	grandchild
Shamsuddin Kayumars	1290 – 1290	under a year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child

10 rulers, 10 with terms dated as terms, covering 1206 – 1290. Median reign 3 years. 2 of 9 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

445,900 km² in 1216, 1.35 million km² in 1290; at its largest 1.35 million km² in 1266. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flag or arms

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

flag, undatedDelhi Sultanate Flag · Public domain

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1200 – 12991 row · 1 wars and battles

Battle of the Indus · battle · 1221

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood84 years
stood longer than 43% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held1,347,200 km²
held more ground at its peak than 87% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median3 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 9% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record10
has more rulers on record than 80% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 1 cause the record names and 0 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

coincidence

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 1196 – 1300, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 1260, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q847420 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.