Pastlasby Oleh Voronko

State · 1099 – 1291

Kingdom of Jerusalem

A state of 1099 – 1291 — 192 years in the Middle East and North Africa. It replaced Fatimid Caliphate and followed early Islamic period in Palestine. It was replaced by Mamluk Sultanate. The atlas records 38 things within it — wars and battles 22 · people 16. Its line of rulers holds 22 people, 21 with dated terms.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood
192 years
1099 – 1291
Rulers
22
the monarch
Most ground
53,900 km²
in 1126
Within it
38
recorded rows
Symbols
3
on record, with years
Map: Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1126, its borders in gold among its neighbours
Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1126, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 53,900 km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.
Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1126, at its largest

1126 · at its largest · 53,900 km²

Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1272, last mapped

1272 · last mapped · 2,100 km²

The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

3000 BCE2000 BCE1000 BCE110002000Fatimid Caliphate: 909 – 1171Mamluk Sultanate: 1250 – 1517Kingdom of Jerusalem: 1099 – 1291

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

Before it

  • Fatimid Caliphate · replaces · 909 – 1171
  • early Islamic period in Palestine · follows

After it

Rulers

The line of monarch.

Baldwin I of Jerusalem · 1100 – 1118 · no death date to read the end againstFulk V of Anjou · 1131 – 1143 · no death date to read the end againstMelisende of Jerusalem · 1131 – 1152 · no death date to read the end againstBaldwin III of Jerusalem · 1143 – 1163 · no death date to read the end againstAmalric of Jerusalem · 1163 – 1174 · no death date to read the end againstBaldwin IV of Jerusalem · 1174 – 1185 · no death date to read the end againstBaldwin V of Jerusalem · 1183 – 1183 · no death date to read the end againstSibylla of Jerusalem · 1186 – 1190 · no death date to read the end againstGuy of Lusignan · 1186 – 1192 · no death date to read the end againstConrad of Montferrat · 1190 – 1192 · no death date to read the end againstIsabella I of Jerusalem · 1192 – 1205 · no death date to read the end againstAimery of Cyprus · 1198 – 1205 · no death date to read the end againstMaria of Montferrat · 1205 – 1212 · no death date to read the end againstJohn of Brienne · 1210 – 1225 · no death date to read the end againstIsabella II of Jerusalem · 1212 – 1212 · no death date to read the end againstFrederick II, Holy Roman Emperor · 1225 – 1243 · no death date to read the end againstPlaisance of Antioch · 1258 – 1261 · no death date to read the end againstHugh III of Cyprus · 1268 – 1284 · no death date to read the end againstFrederick I Margrave of Meissen · 1269 – 1269 · no death date to read the end againstJohn II of Jerusalem · 1284 – 1285 · no death date to read the end againstHenry II of Cyprus · 1285 – 1291 · no death date to read the end against1100115012001250
ending not on recorda second row: a reign that began before the last had ended — rival claimants, or a shared throne
RulerReignLengthHow it ended · sourceTo the ruler before
Baldwin I of Jerusalem1100 – 111818 yearsending not on record
Fulk V of Anjou1131 – 114312 yearsending not on record
Melisende of Jerusalem1131 – 115221 yearsending not on recordspouse
Baldwin III of Jerusalem1143 – 116320 yearsending not on recordchild
Amalric of Jerusalem1163 – 117411 yearsending not on recordsibling
Baldwin IV of Jerusalem1174 – 118511 yearsending not on recordchild
Baldwin V of Jerusalem1183 – 1183under a yearending not on recordnephew or niece
Sibylla of Jerusalem1186 – 11904 yearsending not on recordparent
Guy of Lusignan1186 – 11926 yearsending not on recordspouse
Conrad of Montferrat1190 – 11922 yearsending not on record
Isabella I of Jerusalem1192 – 120513 yearsending not on recordspouse
Aimery of Cyprus1198 – 12057 yearsending not on recordspouse
Maria of Montferrat1205 – 12127 yearsending not on record
John of Brienne1210 – 122515 yearsending not on recordspouse
Isabella II of Jerusalem1212 – 1212under a yearending not on recordchild
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor1225 – 124318 yearsending not on recordspouse
Plaisance of Antioch1258 – 12613 yearsending not on record
Hugh III of Cyprus1268 – 128416 yearsending not on record
Frederick I Margrave of Meissen1269 – 1269under a yearending not on record
John II of Jerusalem1284 – 12851 yearending not on record
Henry II of Cyprus1285 – 12916 yearsending not on recordsibling

22 rulers, 21 with terms dated as terms, covering 1100 – 1291. Median reign 7 years. 9 of 20 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

1100115012001250

14,800 km² in 1099, 2,100 km² in 1291; at its largest 53,900 km² in 1129. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flags and arms, in order

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

  • Vexillum Regni Hierosolymae
    flag, undatedVexillum Regni Hierosolymae · CC BY 3.0 · Ec.Domnowall
  • Blason Royaume de Jérusalem
    coat of arms, undatedBlason Royaume de Jérusalem · CC BY-SA 3.0
  • Flag of Kingdom of Jerusalem
    flag, undatedFlag of Kingdom of Jerusalem · Public domain

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1000 – 1099: 3 recorded — 2 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 1 other10001100 – 1199: 28 recorded — 15 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 13 other11001200 – 1299: 7 recorded — 5 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 2 other1200

1000 – 10993 rows · 2 wars and battles

1100 – 119928 rows · 15 wars and battles

and 20 more in the atlas.

1200 – 12997 rows · 5 wars and battles

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

  • How long it stood192 years

    stood longer than 61% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.

  • The most ground it held53,900 km²

    held more ground at its peak than 35% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.

  • Wars recorded per century1.0

    had more wars on record per century than 96% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.

  • How long a reign lasted, at the median7 years

    had longer reigns, at the median, than 26% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.

  • Rulers on record22

    has more rulers on record than 92% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 5 causes the record names and 1 result, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

early Islamic period in Palestine · Linked · 650 – 1260early Islamic period in PalestineFatimid Caliphate · Linked · 909 – 1171Fatimid CaliphateGodfrey of Bouillon · Coincidence · 1060 – 1100Godfrey of BouillonBaldwin I of Jerusalem · Coincidence · 1065 – 1118Baldwin I of JerusalemFulk V of Anjou · Coincidence · 1092 – 1143Fulk V of AnjouKingdom of Jerusalem · 1099 – 1291Kingdom of JerusalemMamluk Sultanate · Linked · 1250 – 1517Mamluk Sultanate800100012001400
linkedcoincidence

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Theories that apply to its ending

Of 3 theories of why states fall, 1 has every condition present at this ending; each is applied by its own logic, condition by condition, and whether its authors named this case is a footnote.

  • Challenge, failed response and dissolution

    Toynbee 1934 · Toynbee & Somervell 1946

    Applies by its own logic: 2 of its 2 conditions held here (it needs all of them), and this is the kind of outcome it predicts — the state's ending.

    • territory shrank by 25% over the 100 y ending 25 y before — territory -84
    • unrest, adverse regime change or atrocity within 100 y in the state, or a war the state is fighting, still under way, or a war the state fought, ended within 50 y, or battle within 50 y in the state — warEnded; prior

Open in the atlas

Wikidata Q55502 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.