Year
The world in 1261
In 1261 the atlas holds 400 states standing across 6 regions. 4 things began that year - Reconquest of Constantinople, Menteshe and Treaty of Nymphaeum among them - and 4 ended; 6 people were born and 3 died.
Only what Wikidata dates to the year is counted here; a thing dated to its decade is on the 1260s page, and to its century on the 13th century.
What began in 1261
By kind, the best known first; a war or a state is listed in the year it began.
States 2
- Menteshe · state · 1261 – 1425
- Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty · state · 1261 – 1453
Wars and battles 1
- Reconquest of Constantinople · battle · 1261
Treaties 1
- Treaty of Nymphaeum · treaty · 1261
What ended in 1261
States that fell or were replaced, and wars and other things that ran past the year they began.
States 3
- Latin Empire · state · 1204 – 1261
- Empire of Nicaea · state · 1204 – 1261
- Kingdom of Artsakh · state · 1000 – 1261
Wars and battles 1
- Struggle for Constantinople · war · 1204 – 1261
Born and died
By how many Wikipedias write about them.
Born in 1261 6
- Denis of Portugal · monarch · 1261 – 1325
- Daniel of Moscow · politician · 1261 – 1303
- Otto III of Bavaria · monarch · 1261 – 1312
- Margaret of Scotland · person · 1261 – 1283
- Butvydas · ruler · 1261 – 1296
- Ermengol X · ruler · 1261 – 1314
Died in 1261 3
- Qin Jiushao · mathematician · 1208 – 1261
- An-Nasir Yusuf · ruler · 1228 – 1261
- Plaisance of Antioch · ruler · 1235 – 1261
Standing in 1261
The states the atlas holds as standing that year, by region, the best known first, with who held the highest office where the record dates it.
Europe221 states
- France · 481 – present
- Sweden · 900 – present · Valdemar, Monarch of Sweden since 1250
- Denmark · 800 – present · Eric V of Denmark, Monarch of Denmark since 1259
- San Marino · 301 – present
- Holy Roman Empire · 962 – 1806
- Vikings · 793 – 1332
- Goths · 100 – 1475
- Golden Horde · 1243 – 1502 · Berke, khan since 1257
- House of Habsburg · 1001 – 1780
- Republic of Venice · 697 – 1797 · Reniero Zeno, Doge of Venice since 1253
and 211 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa63 states
- Byzantine Empire · 285 – 1453 · John IV Doukas Laskaris, Byzantine emperor since 1259 and Michael VIII Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor since 1261
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Latin Empire · 1204 – 1261 · Baldwin II, Latin Emperor, Despot of the Latin Empire since 1228
- Kingdom of Jerusalem · 1099 – 1291 · Conradin, monarch since 1254
- Ilkhanate · 1256 – 1335
- Ayyubid dynasty · 1171 – 1341 · Baybars, Sultan of Egypt since 1260
- Sultanate of Rum · 1077 – 1307 · Kaykaus II, Sultan of Rum since 1246 and Kilij Arslan IV, Sultan of Rum since 1257
- Mamluk Sultanate · 1250 – 1517 · Baybars, Sultan of Egypt since 1260 and Al-Mustansir II, Abbasid caliph since 1261
- Empire of Nicaea · 1204 – 1261
- Empire of Trebizond · 1204 – 1461 · Manuel I of Trebizond, emperor of Trebizond since 1238
and 53 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa10 states
- Mali Empire · 1235 – 1670
- Kingdom of Benin · 1170 – 1897 · Ewedo, Oba of Benin since 1255
- Ajuran Sultanate · 1201 – 1700
- Kilwa Sultanate · 957 – 1513
- Kingdom of Nri · 1000 – 1911
- Warsangali Sultanate · 1218 – 1886
- Kingdom of Damot · 1100 – 1317
- Kingdom of Ardra · 1100 – 1724
- Sultanate of Mogadishu · 901 – 1600
- Empire of Kitara · 940 – 1300
South Asia44 states
- Kathmandu · 1202 – 1761
- Delhi Sultanate · 1206 – 1526 · Mahmud I of Delhi, Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi) since 1245
- Chola dynasty · 300 BCE – 1279 CE · Rajendra Chola III, Chola king since 1246
- Chagatai Khanate · 1225 – 1687 · Alghu, khan since 1261
- Mamluk dynasty · 1206 – 1290
- Pandya dynasty · 300 BCE – 1650 CE
- Hoysala Kingdom · 1026 – 1343
- White Horde · 1227 – 1500 · Berke, khan since 1257
- Kakatiya dynasty · 1163 – 1323 · Ganapati, queen regnant since 1199
- Chandelas of Jejakabhukti · 831 – 1311
and 34 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia34 states
- Mongol Empire · 1206 – 1368 · Kublai Khan, khagan since 1260
- Song dynasty · 960 – 1279 · Emperor Lizong, Emperor of China since 1224
- Khmer Empire · 802 – 1431
- Srivijaya · 650 – 1377
- Champa · 192 – 1832 · Jaya Indravarman VI, king since 1254 and Indravarman V, king since 1257
- Goryeo · 918 – 1392
- Pagan Kingdom · 849 – 1297 · Narathihapate, King of Burma since 1256
- Sukhothai Kingdom · 1238 – 1438 · Sri Indraditya, King of Sukhothai since 1238
- Kamakura shogunate · 1200 – 1333 · Hōjō Nagatoki, Shikken since 1256
- Ahom kingdom · 1228 – 1826
and 24 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania12 states
- Maya civilization · 2001 BCE – 1521 CE
- Ancestral Puebloans · 850 – 1304
- Tuʻi Tonga Empire · 951 – 1826
- Norse settlement of North America · 1072 – 1384
- Chimor · 850 – 1470
- Kingdom of Cusco · 1197 – 1438 · Lloque Yupanqui, Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cusco since 1260
- Sican culture · 700 – 1375
- Texcoco · 1202 – 1428
- United Provinces of New Granada · 181 – 1816
- Muisca Confederations · 800 – 1540
and 2 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown16 states
- Rurikids · 862 – 1598 · Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Kyiv since 1249
- Burgraviate of Nuremberg · 1105 – 1486
- Langkasuka · 100 – 1500
- House of Ögedei · 1200 – 1400
- Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe · 1220 – 1450
- Möng Mao · 560 – 1604
- Savoyard state · 1003 – 1861
- Airgíalla · 331 – 1585
- Kingdom of Rajarata · 601 BCE – 1300 CE
- Connachta · 400 – 1474
and 6 more; every state of Location unknown.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1236 – 1286: every state, war and life of 1261 and the years either side, region by region.
- On the map in 1261: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.