State · 1204 – 1261

Empire of Nicaea

A state of 1204 – 1261 — 57 years in the Middle East and North Africa. It replaced Byzantine Empire. The atlas records 14 things within it — wars and battles 5 · treaties 2 · people 7. Its line of rulers holds 6 people.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 57 years; 1204 – 1261
Rulers: 6; the empress of Nicaea
Most ground: 242,400 km²; in 1260
Within it: 14; recorded rows

Map: Empire of Nicaea in 1260, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Empire of Nicaea in 1260, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 242,400 km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Empire of Nicaea in 1206, first mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Empire of Nicaea in 1260, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

Before it

Byzantine Empire · replaces · 285 – 1453

Rulers

The line of empress of Nicaea.

died in officeleft alive by a regular roadending not on recorda second row: a reign that began before the last had ended — rival claimants, or a shared throne

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source
Anna Komnene Angelina	1204 – 1212	8 years	ended otherwise, as coded — neither deposed nor a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell
Philippa of Armenia	1214 – 1216	2 years	the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone
Marie of Courtenay	1219 – 1222	3 years	died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell
Irene Laskarina	1221 – 1239	18 years	died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell
Anna of Hohenstaufen	1244 – 1254	10 years	died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell
Elena Asenina of Bulgaria	1254 – 1258	4 years	died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell

6 rulers, 6 with terms dated as terms, covering 1204 – 1258. Median reign 6 years. 1 of 5 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

93,300 km² in 1214, 242,400 km² in 1261; at its largest 242,400 km² in 1261. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1200 – 129912 rows · 5 wars and battles

George Pachymeres · scientist · 1242 – 1310
Marie of Courtenay · ruler · 1204 – 1228
Irene Laskarina · ruler · 1200 – 1239
Battle of Pelagonia · battle · 1259
Anna of Hohenstaufen · ruler · 1230 – 1307
Elena Asenina of Bulgaria · ruler · 1201
Treaty of Nymphaeum · treaty · 1261
Treaty of Nymphaeum · treaty · 1214

and 4 more in the atlas.

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood57 years
stood longer than 36% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held242,400 km²
held more ground at its peak than 62% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median8 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 29% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record6
has more rulers on record than 69% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 3 causes the record names and 0 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

linkedcoincidence

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 1194 – 1271, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 1260, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q181254 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.