Year
The world in 1839
In 1839 the atlas holds 531 states standing across 6 regions. 27 things began that year - Photography, Lanthanum and First Opium War among them - and 10 ended; 30 people were born and 15 died.
Only what Wikidata dates to the year is counted here; a thing dated to its decade is on the 1830s page, and to its century on the 19th century.
What began in 1839
By kind, the best known first; a war or a state is listed in the year it began.
States 5
- Natalia Republic · state · 1839 – 1843
- Duchy of Limburg (1839–1867) · state · 1839 – 1906
- Juliana Republic · state · 1839
- Cherokee Nation · state · 1839
- Kingdom of Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam · state · 1839 – 1864
Wars and battles 13
- First Opium War · war · 1839 – 1842
- Opium Wars · war · 1839 – 1860
- First Anglo-Afghan War · war · 1839 – 1842
- Uruguayan Civil War · war · 1839 – 1851
- Egyptian–Ottoman War · war · 1839 – 1841
- Russian conquest of Central Asia · battle · 1839
- Battle of Nezib · battle · 1839
- Battle of Yungay · battle · 1839
- Khivan campaign of 1839–1840 · war · 1839
- Battle of Chuenpi · battle · 1839
and 3 more in the atlas.
Regime change 1
- Züriputsch · adverse regime change · 1839
Unrest and atrocity 2
- Allahdad Massacre · atrocity · 1839
- Rebecca Riots · unrest · 1839 – 1843
Treaties 2
- Treaty of London · treaty · 1839
- Convention of Vergara · treaty · 1839
Works and ideas 4
- Photography · discovery · 1839
- Lanthanum · discovery · 1839
- Daguerreotype · discovery · 1839
- Vulcanization · discovery · 1839
What ended in 1839
States that fell or were replaced, and wars and other things that ran past the year they began.
States 7
- United Kingdom of the Netherlands · state · 1815 – 1839
- Peru–Bolivian Confederation · state · 1836 – 1839
- Juliana Republic · state · 1839
- Karamanli dynasty · state · 1713 – 1839
- Republic of North Peru · state · 1836 – 1839
- Republic of South Peru · state · 1836 – 1839
- Bolivian Republic · state · 1836 – 1839
Wars and battles 3
- Pastry War · war · 1838 – 1839
- War of the Confederation · war · 1836 – 1839
- Aroostook War · war · 1838 – 1839
Born and died
By how many Wikipedias write about them.
Born in 1839 30
- Paul Cézanne · painter · 1839 – 1906
- Sully Prudhomme · philosopher · 1839 – 1907
- Modest Mussorgsky · composer · 1839 – 1881
- George Armstrong Custer · military officer · 1839 – 1876
- Carol I of Romania · monarch · 1839 – 1914
- Jamal al-Din al-Afghani · philosopher · 1839 – 1897
- Floriano Peixoto · politician · 1839 – 1895
- Antonio Starabba, Marchese di Rudinì · politician · 1839 – 1908
- Luigi Pelloux · politician · 1839 – 1924
- Francis Garnier · explorer · 1839 – 1873
- Nelson A. Miles · politician · 1839 – 1925
- Tsukioka Yoshitoshi · painter · 1839 – 1892
- Bernardino Caballero · politician · 1839 – 1912
- Nicolás de Piérola · politician · 1839 – 1913
- Pavlo Chubynskyi · poet · 1839 – 1884
- Ignacio Andrade · politician · 1839 – 1925
and 14 more in the atlas.
Died in 1839 15
- Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord · politician · 1754 – 1839
- Mahmud II · ruler · 1785 – 1839
- Ranjit Singh · person · 1780 – 1839
- Frederick VI of Denmark · monarch · 1768 – 1839
- Caroline Bonaparte · person · 1782 – 1839
- Lord William Bentinck · politician · 1774 – 1839
- Bhimsen Thapa · politician · 1775 – 1839
- Joseph Fesch · politician · 1763 – 1839
- Joseph-François Michaud · politician · 1767 – 1839
- Yuriy Venelin · scientist · 1802 – 1839
- Érasme-Louis Surlet de Chokier · ruler · 1769 – 1839
- Sir Thomas Hardy, 1st Baronet · commander · 1769 – 1839
- Jean-Antoine Verdier · politician · 1767 – 1839
- Claude-Henri Belgrand de Vaubois · politician · 1748 – 1839
- Joseph Perl · writer · 1773 – 1839
Standing in 1839
The states the atlas holds as standing that year, by region, the best known first, with who held the highest office where the record dates it.
Europe118 states
- France · 481 – present
- Spain · 1516 – present · Isabella II, Monarch of Spain since 1833
- Belgium · 1830 – present · Leopold I of Belgium, King of the Belgians since 1831
- Sweden · 900 – present · Charles XIV John, Monarch of Sweden since 1818
- Denmark · 800 – present · Frederick VI of Denmark, Monarch of Denmark since 1808 and Christian VIII, Monarch of Denmark since 1839
- Luxembourg · 1815 – present · William I of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxembourg since 1815
- Andorra · 1278 – present · Simó de Guardiola i Hortoneda, Episcopal Co-Prince since 1827 and Louis Philippe I, French co-prince of Andorra since 1830
- Monaco · 1297 – present
- Liechtenstein · 1806 – present · Aloys II of Liechtenstein, Prince of Lichtenstein since 1836
- San Marino · 301 – present · Domenico Maria Belzoppi, Captain Regent of San Marino since 1838
and 108 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa62 states
- Morocco · 1549 – present
- Ottoman Empire · 1302 – 1922 · Mahmud II, sultan of the Ottoman Empire since 1808 and Abdülmecid I, sultan of the Ottoman Empire since 1839
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Ethiopian Empire · 1270 – 1975 · Sahle Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia since 1832
- Qajar dynasty · 1785 – 1925 · Mohammad Shah Qajar, shah since 1834
- Khanate of Khiva · 1511 – 1920
- French Algeria · 1832 – 1962
- Ottoman Egypt · 1517 – 1867 · Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Beylerbey of Egypt since 1805
- Sokoto Caliphate · 1804 – 1903
- Emirate of Jabal Shammar · 1836 – 1921 · Abdullah bin Ali Al Rashid, Amir since 1836
and 52 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa48 states
- Liberia · 1822 – present
- Dahomey · 1600 – 1894
- Kingdom of Kongo · 1395 – 1888 · André II of Kongo, Manikongo since 1825
- Asante Empire · 1670 – 1902
- Cape Colony · 1795 – 1910 · Queen Victoria, King/Queen since 1837
- Gold Coast · 1821 – 1957 · Queen Victoria, Monarch since 1837
- Kingdom of Benin · 1170 – 1897
- Buganda · 1420 – 1966 · Suna II of Buganda, Kabaka of Buganda since 1832
- Zulu Kingdom · 1816 – 1897 · Dingane kaSenzangakhona, king since 1828
- Oyo Empire · 1400 – 1905
and 38 more; every state of Sub-Saharan Africa.
South Asia168 states
- Mughal Empire · 1526 – 1857 · Bahadur Shah Zafar, Mughal emperor since 1837
- Sikh Empire · 1733 – 1849 · Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of Punjab, Kashmir and Jammu since 1801 and Kharak Singh, Maharaja of Punjab, Kashmir and Jammu since 1839
- Kazakh Khanate · 1458 – 1847
- Khanate of Kokand · 1709 – 1876
- Kingdom of Mysore · 1399 – 1950
- Emirate of Bukhara · 1785 – 1920 · Nasrullah Khan, Amir since 1827
- Hyderabad State · 1724 – 1948 · Asaf Jah IV of Hyderabad, 1st Nizam of Hyderabad since 1829
- Emirate of Afghanistan · 1823 – 1926
- French India · 1668 – 1954
- Travancore · 1729 – 1949 · Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma, Maharaja of Travancore since 1813
and 158 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia66 states
- Brunei · 1368 – present · Omar Ali Saifuddin II, Sultan of Brunei Darussalam since 1828
- Qing dynasty · 1616 – 1912 · Daoguang Emperor, Emperor of China since 1820
- Chiang Mai · 1775 – 1884 · Phutthawong, Prince of Chiang Mai since 1826
- Dutch East Indies · 1800 – 1949
- Joseon · 1392 – 1897 · Heonjong of Joseon, king of Joseon Dynasty since 1834
- Kelantan · 1762 – 1904
- Negeri Sembilan · 1775 – 1894 · Radin of Negeri Sembilan, Yamtuan Besar since 1824
- Tokugawa shogunate · 1603 – 1867
- Ryukyu Kingdom · 1429 – 1879
- Aceh Sultanate · 1496 – 1903 · Alauddin Sulaiman Ali Iskandar Syah, Sultan of Aceh Sultanate since 1838
and 56 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania40 states
- United States · 1776 – present · Quentin Trembley, President of the United States since 1837 and Martin Van Buren, President of the United States since 1837
- Mexico · 1821 – present · Anastasio Bustamante, President of Mexico since 1837 and Antonio López de Santa Anna, President of Mexico since 1839
- Chile · 1810 – present · Joaquín Prieto, President of Chile since 1831
- Colombia · 1810 – present
- Peru · 1822 – present · Agustín Gamarra, President of Peru since 1839
- Uruguay · 1825 – present · Gabriel Antonio Pereira, President of Uruguay since 1838 and Fructuoso Rivera, President of Uruguay since 1839
- Ecuador · 1830 – present · Vicente Rocafuerte, President of Ecuador since 1834 and Juan José Flores, President of Ecuador since 1839
- Bolivia · 1825 – present · Andrés de Santa Cruz, president of Bolivia since 1829 and José Miguel de Velasco, president of Bolivia since 1839
- Paraguay · 1811 – present
- Costa Rica · 1821 – present · Braulio Carrillo Colina, President of Costa Rica since 1838
and 30 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown29 states
- Kuba Kingdom · 1625 – 1900
- Unfederated Malay States · 1826 – 1946
- Kaarta · 1753 – 1854
- Baban · 1600 – 1847
- Kingdom of Kakongo · 1500 – 1885
- Ngoyo · 1500 – 1885
- Imamate of Futa Jallon · 1725 – 1912
- Kingdom of Sine · 1350 – 1969
- Savoyard state · 1003 – 1861 · Charles Albert of Sardinia, Duke of Savoy since 1831
- Gaekwad dynasty · 1721 – 1947
and 19 more; every state of Location unknown.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1814 – 1864: every state, war and life of 1839 and the years either side, region by region.
- On the map in 1839: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.