State · 1516 – present
Spain
A state of 1516 – present — 510 years, still standing in Europe. It replaced Spanish Empire, Kingdom of Aragon and Crown of Aragon and 2 more. The atlas records 565 things within it — wars and battles 272 · regime change 3 · unrest and atrocity 26 · famine and plague 1 · natural disasters 4 · treaties 23 · people 231 · works and ideas 2 · trade and piracy 3. Its line of rulers holds 14 people.
- Still standing: the span runs to the year of the build, 2026.
For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.
- Stood
- 510 years
- and still standing
- Rulers
- 14
- the Monarch of Spain
- Most ground
- 1.30 million km²
- in 1890
- Within it
- 565
- recorded rows
- Symbols
- 13
- on record, with years
1516 · first mapped · 689,100 km²
1890 · at its largest · 1.30 million km²
1976 · last mapped · 506,000 km²
Where it sits in time
Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.
Before and after
The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.
Before it
- Kingdom of Aragon · replaces · 1035 – 1707
- Crown of Aragon · replaces · 1162 – 1715
- First Spanish Republic · replaces · 1873 – 1874
- Hispanic Monarchy · replaces · 1479 – 1700
- Spanish Empire · replaces · 1402 – 1899
Rulers
The line of Monarch of Spain - the office this state names as its head of state.
| Ruler | Reign | Length | How it ended · source | To the ruler before |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip V of Spain | 1714 – 1724 | 10 years | died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell | |
| Louis I of Spain | 1724 – 1724 | under a year | died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell | child |
| Philip V of Spain | 1724 – 1746 | 22 years | died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell | parent |
| Ferdinand VI | 1746 – 1759 | 13 years | died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell | child |
| Charles III of Spain | 1759 – 1788 | 29 years | died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell | sibling |
| Charles IV of Spain | 1788 – 1808 | 20 years | abdicatedWikidata's end cause on the term | child |
| Ferdinand VII | 1808 – 1808 | under a year | abdicatedWikidata's end cause on the term | child |
| Joseph Bonaparte | 1808 – 1813 | 5 years | ended by a named eventWikidata's end cause on the term | |
| Ferdinand VII | 1814 – 1833 | 19 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Isabella II | 1833 – 1868 | 35 years | ended by a named eventWikidata's end cause on the term | child |
| Amadeo I of Spain | 1870 – 1873 | 3 years | abdicatedWikidata's end cause on the term | |
| Alfonso XII | 1874 – 1885 | 11 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | |
| Alfonso XIII | 1886 – 1931 | 45 years | ended by a named eventWikidata's end cause on the term | child |
| Francisco Franco | 1936 – 1975 | 39 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | |
| Juan Carlos I | 1975 – 2014 | 39 years | abdicatedWikidata's end cause on the term | |
| Felipe VI | 2014 – in office | in office since 2014 | still in office | child |
14 rulers, 14 with terms dated as terms, covering 1714 – 2014. Median reign 19 years. 6 of 15 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.
Heads of government
The line of Prime Minister of Spain, drawn and never measured: a cabinet is not a reign.
| Joaquín Jovellar y Soler | 1875 – 1875 |
| José Sánchez Guerra | 1922 – 1922 |
| Joaquín Chapaprieta | 1935 – 1935 |
| Santiago Casares Quiroga | 1936 – 1936 |
| Luis Carrero Blanco | 1973 – 1973 |
| Carlos Arias Navarro | 1973 – 1976 |
| Torcuato Fernández-Miranda | 1973 – 1973 |
| Adolfo Suárez | 1976 – 1981 |
| Fernando de Santiago y Díaz | 1976 – 1976 |
| Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo | 1981 – 1982 |
| Felipe González | 1982 – 1996 |
| José María Aznar | 1996 – 2004 |
| José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero | 2004 – 2011 |
| Mariano Rajoy | 2011 – 2015 |
| Mariano Rajoy | 2015 – 2016 |
| Pedro Sánchez | 2018 – 2019 |
| Pedro Sánchez | 2020 – 2023 |
| Pedro Sánchez | 2023 – … |
Ground held, by year
km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.
689,100 km² in 1516, 506,000 km² in 2016; at its largest 1.30 million km² in 1891. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.
Flags and arms, in order
Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.
.svg/120px-Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(mazonado).svg.png)
coat of arms, undatedEscudo de España (mazonado) · Public domain .svg/120px-Flag_of_Spain_(1873%E2%80%931874).svg.png)
flag, undatedFlag of Spain (1873–1874) · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Ignacio Gavira (original image), B1mbo (modifications) .svg/120px-Flag_of_Spain_(1701%E2%80%931760).svg.png)
flag, 1701 – 1760Flag of Spain (1701–1760) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Durero .svg/120px-Flag_of_Spain_(1760%E2%80%931785).svg.png)
flag, 1760 – 1843Flag of Spain (1760–1785) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Durero .svg/120px-Flag_of_Spain_(1785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931).svg.png)
flag, 1843 – 1873Flag of Spain (1785–1873, 1875–1931) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · previous version User:Ignaciogavira ; current version HansenBCN , designs from SanchoPanz… flag, 1874 – 1931Flag of Spain (1785–1873, 1875–1931) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · previous version User:Ignaciogavira ; current version HansenBCN , designs from SanchoPanz… 
flag, 1931 – 1939Flag of the Second Spanish Republic · Public domain .svg/120px-Flag_of_Spain_(1938%E2%80%931945).svg.png)
flag, 1939 – 1945Flag of Spain (1938–1945) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · SanchoPanzaXXI .svg/120px-Flag_of_Spain_(1945%E2%80%931977).svg.png)
flag, 1945 – 1977Flag of Spain (1945–1977) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · SanchoPanzaXXI .svg/120px-Flag_of_Spain_(1977%E2%80%931981).svg.png)
flag, 1977 – 1981Flag of Spain (1977–1981) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Miguillen .svg/120px-Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(1977-1981).svg.png)
coat of arms, 1977 – 1981Escudo de España (1977-1981) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Miguillen 
flag, from 1981Flag of Spain · Public domain
1 more in the atlas.
What happened within it, by century
Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.
1500 – 159957 rows · 21 wars and battles · 3 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Diego Velázquez · artist · 1599 – 1660
- Lope de Vega · writer · 1562 – 1635
- Francisco de Quevedo · writer · 1580 – 1645
- Francisco de Zurbarán · artist · 1598 – 1664
- John of Austria · commander · 1547 – 1578
- Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress · person · 1528 – 1603
- Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly · commander · 1559 – 1632
- Treaty of Zaragoza · treaty · 1529
and 49 more in the atlas.
1600 – 169960 rows · 42 wars and battles · 2 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Don Quixote · literature · 1605
- Pedro Calderón de la Barca · writer · 1600 – 1681
- Bartolomé Esteban Murillo · artist · 1617 – 1682
- Maria Theresa of Spain · person · 1638 – 1683
- Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy · politician · 1688 – 1714
- Franco-Dutch War · war · 1672 – 1678
- Amaro Pargo · pirate · 1678 – 1747
- Margaret Theresa of Spain · person · 1651 – 1673
and 52 more in the atlas.
1700 – 1799137 rows · 67 wars and battles · 2 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Francisco Goya · artist · 1746 – 1828
- Tungsten · discovery · 1783
- Ferdinand VII · ruler · 1784 – 1833
- Charles III of Spain · ruler · 1716 – 1788
- Charles IV of Spain · ruler · 1748 – 1819
- Ferdinand VI · ruler · 1713 – 1759
- Louis I of Spain · ruler · 1707 – 1724
- Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla · philosopher · 1753 – 1811
and 129 more in the atlas.
1800 – 1899173 rows · 73 wars and battles · 5 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Pablo Picasso · artist · 1881 – 1973
- Federico García Lorca · artist · 1898 – 1936
- Francisco Franco · ruler · 1892 – 1975
- Antoni Gaudí · artist · 1852 – 1926
- Joan Miró · artist · 1893 – 1983
- Juan Ramón Jiménez · writer · 1881 – 1958
- Jacinto Benavente · politician · 1866 – 1954
- Santiago Ramón y Cajal · scientist · 1852 – 1934
and 165 more in the atlas.
1900 – 1999128 rows · 67 wars and battles · 13 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Salvador Dalí · artist · 1904 – 1989
- Spanish Civil War · war · 1936 – 1939
- Juan Carlos I · ruler · 1938 – present
- Felipe VI · ruler · 1968 – present
- Mariano Rajoy · politician · 1955 – present
- Pedro Sánchez · politician · 1972 – present
- Camilo José Cela · politician · 1916 – 2002
- Pedro Almodóvar · writer · 1949 – present
and 120 more in the atlas.
2000 – 209910 rows · 2 wars and battles · 4 risings, regime changes and massacres
- 2017 Barcelona attacks · atrocity · 2017
- 2004 Madrid train bombings · atrocity · 2004
- 2024 Spanish floods · disaster · 2024
- COVID-19 pandemic in Spain · plague · 2020
- 2011 Lorca earthquake · disaster · 2011
- Anti-austerity movement in Spain · unrest · 2011
- 2019 Catalan protests · unrest · 2019
- Operation Active Endeavour · battle · 2001 – 2016
and 2 more in the atlas.
Among all states
Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.
- How long it stood510 years
stood longer than 87% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
- The most ground it held1,295,900 km²
held more ground at its peak than 87% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
- Wars recorded per century4.1
had more wars on record per century than 99% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
- How long a reign lasted, at the median19 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 59% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
- Rulers on record14
has more rulers on record than 87% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.
What led to it, and what came of it
The investigation's own picture: 60 causes the record names and 0 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.
Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1465 – 2077, with everything that stood beside it.
- On the map in 1890, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
- Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.
Wikidata Q29 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.