State · 1836 – 1921

Emirate of Jabal Shammar

A state of 1836 – 1921 — 85 years in the Middle East and North Africa. The atlas records 14 things within it — wars and battles 4 · people 10. Its line of rulers holds 11 people.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 85 years; 1836 – 1921
Rulers: 11; the Amir
Most ground: 676,300 km²; in 1895
Within it: 14; recorded rows
Symbol: 1; on record, with years

Map: Emirate of Jabal Shammar in 1895, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Emirate of Jabal Shammar in 1895, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 676,300 km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Emirate of Jabal Shammar in 1840, first mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Emirate of Jabal Shammar in 1895, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold.

Rulers

The line of Amir.

killed, executed or dead in battledied in officeleft alive by a regular roadending not on record

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source	To the ruler before
Abdullah bin Ali Al Rashid	1836 – 1847	11 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Talal bin Abdullah Al Rashid	1848 – 1867	19 years	left office aliveread off the dates alone	child
Moutaïb ben Abdallah Al Rachid	1867 – 1869	2 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	sibling
Bandar bin Talal Al Rashid	1869 – 1872	3 years	the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone	nephew or niece
Abdulaziz bin Mutaib Al Rashid	1897 – 1906	9 years	died in battleWikidata's manner of death
Moutaïb ben Abdelaziz Al Rachid	1906 – 1906	under a year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Sultan bin Hamoud Al Rashid	1907 – 1908	1 year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Saud bin Hamoud Al Rashid	1908 – 1908	under a year	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	sibling
Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Rashid	1908 – 1920	12 years	killedWikidata's manner of death
Abdullah bin Mutaib Al Rashid	1920 – 1921	1 year	left office aliveread off the dates alone
Muhammad bin Talal Al Rashid	1921 – 1921	under a year	left office aliveread off the dates alone

11 rulers, 11 with terms dated as terms, covering 1836 – 1921. Median reign 2 years. 2 of 10 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

84,400 km² in 1866, 244,500 km² in 1921; at its largest 676,300 km² in 1896. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flag or arms

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

flag, undatedFlag of the Emirate of Ha'il · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Guilherme Paula

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1800 – 18998 rows · 1 wars and battles

Abdulaziz bin Mutaib Al Rashid · ruler · 1869 – 1906
Sultan bin Bajad al-Otaybi · commander · 1890 – 1931
Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Rashid · ruler · 1897 – 1920
Battle of Mulayda · battle · 1891
Talal bin Abdullah Al Rashid · ruler · 1823 – 1868
Bandar bin Talal Al Rashid · ruler · 1850 – 1869
Sultan bin Hamoud Al Rashid · ruler · 1870 – 1908
Saud bin Hamoud Al Rashid · ruler · 1875 – 1908

1900 – 19995 rows · 3 wars and battles

Formation of Saudi Arabia · war · 1902 – 1932
Battle of Riyadh · battle · 1902
First Saudi–Rashidi War · war · 1903 – 1907
Muhammad bin Talal Al Rashid · ruler · 1904 – 1954
Abdullah bin Mutaib Al Rashid · ruler · 1906 – 1946

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood85 years
stood longer than 44% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held676,300 km²
held more ground at its peak than 79% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per century2.0
had more wars on record per century than 97% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median2 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 5% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record11
has more rulers on record than 83% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

Theories that apply to its ending

Of 3 theories of why states fall, 1 has every condition present at this ending; each is applied by its own logic, condition by condition, and whether its authors named this case is a footnote.

Demographic-structural breakdown
Goldstone 1991 · Turchin & Nefedov 2009
Applies by its own logic: 2 of its 3 conditions held here (it needs 2), and this is the kind of outcome it predicts — unrest, adverse regime change or the state's ending.
- overlapping reigns — rival claimants — within 20 y, or 3 or more changes of ruler within 20 y, or 2 or more reigns of two years or less within 20 y, or a monarch deposed or killed within 20 y — handovers 6; shortReigns 4
- a war the state is fighting, still under way, or a war the state fought, ended within 10 y — warOngoing

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 1826 – 1931, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 1895, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q5362837 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.