Decade · 1900 – 1909
The world in the 1900s
From 1900 to 1909 the atlas holds 458 states standing at some time. 217 things began - Australia, Norway and Panama among them - and 67 ended; 876 people were born and 315 died.
Its years
The years of the decade with a page of their own: ten or more things dated to the year.
What began in the 1900s
By kind, the best known first.
States 21
- Australia · state · 1901 – present
- Norway · state · 1905 – present
- Panama · state · 1903 – present
- Belgian Congo · state · 1908 – 1960
- Kingdom of Bulgaria · state · 1908 – 1946
- Dominion of Newfoundland · state · 1907 – 1949
- New Hebrides · state · 1907 – 1980
- Orange River Colony · state · 1902 – 1910
and 13 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 49
- Russo-Japanese War · war · 1904 – 1905
- Bosnian Crisis · war · 1908 – 1909
- British expedition to Tibet · battle · 1903 – 1904
- Battle of Mukden · battle · 1905
- Battle of Port Arthur · battle · 1904
- Battle of the Yellow Sea · battle · 1904
- Siege of Port Arthur · battle · 1904 – 1905
- Battle of Liaoyang · battle · 1904
and 41 more in the atlas.
Regime change 6
- May Coup · adverse regime change · 1903
- Goudi coup · adverse regime change · 1909
- Coup of June 1907 · adverse regime change · 1907
- Hafidiya · adverse regime change · 1907 – 1908
- 1900 Colombian coup d'état · adverse regime change · 1900
- 1908 Venezuelan coup d'état · adverse regime change · 1908
Unrest and atrocity 30
- Russian Revolution of 1905 · unrest · 1905 – 1907
- Young Turk Revolution · unrest · 1908
- Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising · unrest · 1903
- Herero and Nama genocide · atrocity · 1904 – 1908
- Constitutionalization attempts in Iran · unrest · 1905 – 1911
- Adana massacre · atrocity · 1909
- Maji Maji Rebellion · unrest · 1905 – 1907
- Kishinev pogrom · atrocity · 1903
and 22 more in the atlas.
Natural disasters 11
- 1906 San Francisco earthquake · disaster · 1906
- 1908 Messina earthquake · disaster · 1908
- 1909 Provence earthquake · disaster · 1909
- 1902 Shamakhi earthquake · disaster · 1902
- 1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake · disaster · 1906
- 1905 Kangra earthquake · disaster · 1905
- 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée · disaster · 1902 – 1905
- 1906 Valparaíso earthquake · disaster · 1906
and 3 more in the atlas.
Treaties 19
- Treaty of Portsmouth · treaty · 1905
- Entente Cordiale · treaty · 1904
- Anglo-Japanese Alliance · treaty · 1902
- Boxer Protocol · treaty · 1901
- Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 · treaty · 1905
- Treaty of Vereeniging · treaty · 1902
- Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty · treaty · 1903
- Treaty of Petrópolis · treaty · 1903
and 11 more in the atlas.
Works and ideas 81
- Europium · discovery · 1901
- Lutetium · discovery · 1906
- Special relativity · discovery · 1905
- Diode · discovery · 1901
- Vacuum cleaner · discovery · 1901
- Mass–energy equivalence · discovery · 1905
- Planck constant · discovery · 1901
- Himalia · discovery · 1904
and 73 more in the atlas.
What ended in the 1900s
States 37
- Kelantan · state · 1762 – 1904
- Congo Free State · state · 1885 – 1908
- Orange Free State · state · 1854 – 1902
- South African Republic · state · 1852 – 1902
- Union between Sweden and Norway · state · 1814 – 1905
- Principality of Bulgaria · state · 1878 – 1908
- Asante Empire · state · 1670 – 1902
- Aceh Sultanate · state · 1496 – 1903
and 29 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 18
- Russo-Japanese War · war · 1904 – 1905
- Second Boer War · war · 1899 – 1902
- Philippine–American War · war · 1899 – 1902
- Bosnian Crisis · war · 1908 – 1909
- British expedition to Tibet · battle · 1903 – 1904
- Thousand Days' War · war · 1899 – 1902
- Siege of Port Arthur · battle · 1904 – 1905
- French conquest of Algeria · battle · 1830 – 1904
and 10 more in the atlas.
Regime change 1
- Hafidiya · adverse regime change · 1907 – 1908
Unrest and atrocity 9
- Boxer Rebellion · unrest · 1899 – 1901
- Russian Revolution of 1905 · unrest · 1905 – 1907
- Herero and Nama genocide · atrocity · 1904 – 1908
- Maji Maji Rebellion · unrest · 1905 – 1907
- Armenian–Tatar massacres of 1905–1906 · atrocity · 1905 – 1906
- Atrocities in the Congo Free State · atrocity · 1885 – 1908
- Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland · unrest · 1905 – 1907
- Moscow uprising of 1905 · unrest · 1905 – 1906
and 1 more in the atlas.
Famine and plague 1
- Indian famine of 1899–1900 · famine · 1899 – 1900
Natural disasters 1
- 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée · disaster · 1902 – 1905
Born and died
Born 876
- Salvador Dalí · sculptor · 1904 – 1989
- George Orwell · writer · 1903 – 1950
- Jean-Paul Sartre · philosopher · 1905 – 1980
- Frida Kahlo · painter · 1907 – 1954
- Simone de Beauvoir · philosopher · 1908 – 1986
- Lyndon B. Johnson · statesperson · 1908 – 1973
- Enrico Fermi · inventor · 1901 – 1954
- Antoine de Saint-Exupéry · inventor · 1900 – 1944
- Pablo Neruda · politician · 1904 – 1973
- Kwame Nkrumah · philosopher · 1909 – 1972
- Hirohito · monarch · 1901 – 1989
- John Steinbeck · writer · 1902 – 1968
- Samuel Beckett · poet · 1906 – 1989
- Leonid Brezhnev · engineer · 1906 – 1982
- Deng Xiaoping · head of state · 1904 – 1997
- Ruhollah Khomeini · revolutionary · 1902 – 1989
and 860 more in the atlas.
Died 315
- Friedrich Nietzsche · philosopher · 1844 – 1900
- Anton Chekhov · physician · 1860 – 1904
- Oscar Wilde · poet · 1854 – 1900
- Jules Verne · poet · 1828 – 1905
- Dmitri Mendeleev · physicist · 1834 – 1907
- Giuseppe Verdi · composer · 1813 – 1901
- Queen Victoria · monarch · 1819 – 1901
- Henrik Ibsen · poet · 1828 – 1906
- Émile Zola · poet · 1840 – 1902
- Antonín Dvořák · composer · 1841 – 1904
- Grover Cleveland · statesperson · 1837 – 1908
- William McKinley · statesperson · 1843 – 1901
- Paul Cézanne · painter · 1839 – 1906
- Swami Vivekananda · philosopher · 1863 – 1902
- Benjamin Harrison · statesperson · 1833 – 1901
- Paul Gauguin · sculptor · 1848 – 1903
and 299 more in the atlas.
States of the 1900s
The states that stood at some time in the 1900s, by region, the best known first, with who held the highest office in 1900.
Europe99 states
- France · 481 – present · Émile Loubet, President of the French Republic since 1899
- Spain · 1516 – present · Alfonso XIII, Monarch of Spain since 1886
- Norway · 1905 – present · Oscar II, Monarch of Norway since 1872
- Switzerland · 1848 – present · Walter Hauser, Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1888 and Eduard Müller, Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1895
- Belgium · 1830 – present · Leopold II of Belgium, King of the Belgians since 1865
- Sweden · 900 – present · Oscar II, Monarch of Sweden since 1872
- Denmark · 800 – present · Christian IX, Monarch of Denmark since 1863
- Luxembourg · 1815 – present
and 91 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa60 states
- Morocco · 1549 – present
- Qatar · 1870 – present · Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, Emir of the State of Qatar since 1878 and Ahmed bin Muhammed Al Thani, Emir of the State of Qatar since 1898
- Ottoman Empire · 1302 – 1922 · Abdul Hamid II, sultan of the Ottoman Empire since 1876
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Ethiopian Empire · 1270 – 1975 · Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia since 1889
- Qajar dynasty · 1785 – 1925 · Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar, shah since 1896
- Italian Empire · 1882 – 1960 · Umberto I of Italy, King (until 1946) since 1882 and Victor Emmanuel III, King (until 1946) since 1900
- Khanate of Khiva · 1511 – 1920
and 52 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa34 states
- Liberia · 1822 – present · William D. Coleman, President of Liberia since 1896 and Garretson W. Gibson, President of Liberia since 1900
- Belgian Congo · 1908 – 1960
- Congo Free State · 1885 – 1908 · Leopold II of Belgium, Sovereign of the Congo Free State since 1885
- Orange Free State · 1854 – 1902
- German East Africa · 1885 – 1919 · Wilhelm II, Emperor since 1888
- South African Republic · 1852 – 1902 · Paul Kruger, President of the South African Republic since 1883
- German South West Africa · 1884 – 1915
- Asante Empire · 1670 – 1902 · Prempeh I, Asantehemaa since 1888
and 26 more; every state of Sub-Saharan Africa.
South Asia154 states
- British Raj · 1858 – 1947 · Queen Victoria, Emperor of India since 1876
- Kingdom of Mysore · 1399 – 1950 · Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV, Maharaja of Mysore since 1894 and Kempananjammanni Devi, Maharaja of Mysore since 1894
- Emirate of Bukhara · 1785 – 1920 · ʽAbd al-Ahad Khan, Amir since 1885
- Hyderabad State · 1724 – 1948 · Asaf Jah VI of Hyderabad, 1st Nizam of Hyderabad since 1869
- Emirate of Afghanistan · 1823 – 1926 · Abdur Rahman Khan, Emir of Afghanistan since 1880
- French India · 1668 – 1954
- Travancore · 1729 – 1949
- Kingdom of Nepal · 1768 – 2008 · Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah, King of Nepal since 1881
and 146 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia60 states
- Brunei · 1368 – present · Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin, Sultan of Brunei Darussalam since 1885
- Qing dynasty · 1616 – 1912 · Guangxu Emperor, Emperor of China since 1875
- Empire of Japan · 1868 – 1947 · Emperor Meiji, Emperor of Japan since 1867
- Dutch East Indies · 1800 – 1949 · Jo van Heutsz, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies since 1898
- French Indochina · 1887 – 1954
- Kelantan · 1762 – 1904
- Perlis · 1842 – 1910
- Korean Empire · 1897 – 1910 · Gojong of Korea, Emperor of Korea since 1897
and 52 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania38 states
- United States · 1776 – present · William McKinley, President of the United States since 1897
- Mexico · 1821 – present · Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico since 1884
- Australia · 1901 – present
- Canada · 1867 – present · Queen Victoria, monarch of Canada since 1867
- Brazil · 1889 – present · Campos Sales, President of Brazil since 1898
- Chile · 1810 – present · Federico Errázuriz Echaurren, President of Chile since 1896
- Argentina · 1861 – present · Julio Argentino Roca, President of Argentina since 1898
- Colombia · 1810 – present · Manuel Antonio Sanclemente, President of Colombia since 1898 and José Manuel Marroquín, President of Colombia since 1900
and 30 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown13 states
- Triple Alliance · 1882 – 1915
- Kuba Kingdom · 1625 – 1900
- Unfederated Malay States · 1826 – 1946
- Imamate of Futa Jallon · 1725 – 1912
- Kingdom of Sine · 1350 – 1969
- Gaekwad dynasty · 1721 – 1947
- Mbunda Kingdom · 1700 – 1914 · Mwene Mbandu Kapova I of Mbunda, King since 1870
- Dar al Kuti · 1830 – 1912
and 5 more; every state of Location unknown.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1880 – 1929: every state, war and life of the 1900s, region by region.
- On the map in 1905: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.