Decade · 1890 – 1899
The world in the 1890s
From 1890 to 1899 the atlas holds 490 states standing at some time. 283 things began - Basketball, Fidel Castro and Neon among them - and 77 ended; 974 people were born and 319 died, 1 of all these dated only to the decade.
Its years
The years of the decade with a page of their own: ten or more things dated to the year.
What began in the 1890s
By kind, the best known first.
States 26
- Fidel Castro · state · 1895 – 1899
- Korean Empire · state · 1897 – 1910
- Republic of Formosa · state · 1895
- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan · state · 1899 – 1956
- Cretan State · state · 1898 – 1913
- First Philippine Republic · state · 1899 – 1901
- Republic of Hawaii · state · 1894 – 1898
- Italian Eritrea · state · 1890 – 1936
and 18 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 81
- Spanish–American War · war · 1898
- First Sino-Japanese War · war · 1894 – 1895
- Anglo-Zanzibar War · war · 1896
- Second Boer War · war · 1899 – 1902
- Philippine–American War · war · 1899 – 1902
- First Italo-Ethiopian War · war · 1894 – 1896
- Battle of Adwa · battle · 1896
- Fashoda Incident · war · 1898
and 73 more in the atlas.
Regime change 2
- Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom · adverse regime change · 1893
- Wilmington massacre · adverse regime change · 1898
Unrest and atrocity 26
- Boxer Rebellion · unrest · 1899 – 1901
- Philippine Revolution · unrest · 1896 – 1898
- Wounded Knee Massacre · atrocity · 1890
- Hamidian massacres · atrocity · 1894 – 1897
- Tonghak Peasant Revolution · unrest · 1894 – 1895
- Port Arthur massacre · atrocity · 1894
- Tobacco Protest · unrest · 1890 – 1892
- 1894 Sasun rebellion · unrest · 1894
and 18 more in the atlas.
Famine and plague 3
- 1899–1923 cholera pandemic · plague · 1899 – 1923
- Russian famine of 1891–1892 · famine · 1891 – 1892
- Indian famine of 1899–1900 · famine · 1899 – 1900
Natural disasters 3
- 1895 Ljubljana earthquake · disaster · 1895
- 1891 Mino–Owari earthquake · disaster · 1891
- 1897 Assam earthquake · disaster · 1897
Treaties 16
- Treaty of Shimonoseki · treaty · 1895
- Treaty of Paris (1898) · treaty · 1898
- Franco-Russian Alliance · treaty · 1894
- Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty · treaty · 1890
- German–Spanish Treaty · treaty · 1899
- Madrid Protocol · treaty · 1891
- Li–Lobanov Treaty · treaty · 1896
- Treaty of Addis Ababa · treaty · 1896
and 8 more in the atlas.
Works and ideas 126
- Basketball · discovery · 1891
- Neon · discovery · 1898
- Electron · discovery · 1897
- Argon · discovery · 1894
- Volleyball · discovery · 1895
- Krypton · discovery · 1898
- Radium · discovery · 1898
- Radon · discovery · 1899
and 118 more in the atlas.
What ended in the 1890s
States 45
- Fidel Castro · state · 1895 – 1899
- Spanish Empire · state · 1402 – 1899
- Joseon · state · 1392 – 1897
- Negeri Sembilan · state · 1775 – 1894
- Hawaiian Kingdom · state · 1795 – 1895
- Sultanate of Zanzibar · state · 1861 – 1890
- Republic of Formosa · state · 1895
- Kingdom of Benin · state · 1170 – 1897
and 37 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 23
- First Sino-Japanese War · war · 1894 – 1895
- First Italo-Ethiopian War · war · 1894 – 1896
- Mahdist War · war · 1881 – 1899
- Cuban War of Independence · war · 1895 – 1898
- First Matabele War · war · 1893 – 1894
- Jameson Raid · battle · 1895 – 1896
- First Chimurenga · war · 1896 – 1897
- War of Canudos · war · 1896 – 1897
and 15 more in the atlas.
Unrest and atrocity 5
- Philippine Revolution · unrest · 1896 – 1898
- Hamidian massacres · atrocity · 1894 – 1897
- Tonghak Peasant Revolution · unrest · 1894 – 1895
- Tobacco Protest · unrest · 1890 – 1892
- Gamazada · unrest · 1893 – 1894
Famine and plague 3
- 1889–1890 pandemic · plague · 1889 – 1892
- 1881–1896 cholera pandemic · plague · 1881 – 1896
- Russian famine of 1891–1892 · famine · 1891 – 1892
Natural disasters 1
- 1887 Yellow River flood · disaster · 1887 – 1899
Born and died
Born 974
- Mao Zedong · revolutionary · 1893 – 1976
- Charles de Gaulle · statesperson · 1890 – 1970
- Ernest Hemingway · poet · 1899 – 1961
- J. R. R. Tolkien · poet · 1892 – 1973
- Agatha Christie · writer · 1890 – 1976
- Jorge Luis Borges · poet · 1899 – 1986
- Dwight D. Eisenhower · statesperson · 1890 – 1969
- Alfred Hitchcock · writer · 1899 – 1980
- Huang Xianfan · politician · 1899 – 1982
- Nikita Khrushchev · revolutionary · 1894 – 1971
- Bertolt Brecht · poet · 1898 – 1956
- Ho Chi Minh · politician · 1890 – 1969
- Vladimir Nabokov · poet · 1899 – 1977
- B. R. Ambedkar · revolutionary · 1891 – 1956
- Sergei Eisenstein · inventor · 1898 – 1948
- William Faulkner · poet · 1897 – 1962
and 958 more in the atlas.
Died 319
- Vincent van Gogh · painter · 1853 – 1890
- Otto von Bismarck · politician · 1815 – 1898
- Louis Pasteur · chemist · 1822 – 1895
- Friedrich Engels · revolutionary · 1820 – 1895
- Alfred Nobel · inventor · 1833 – 1896
- Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky · composer · 1840 – 1893
- Johannes Brahms · composer · 1833 – 1897
- Lewis Carroll · mathematician · 1832 – 1898
- Guy de Maupassant · poet · 1850 – 1893
- Robert Louis Stevenson · poet · 1850 – 1894
- Walt Whitman · poet · 1819 – 1892
- Arthur Rimbaud · poet · 1854 – 1891
- Rutherford B. Hayes · statesperson · 1822 – 1893
- Herman Melville · poet · 1819 – 1891
- Harriet Beecher Stowe · poet · 1811 – 1896
- Alfred, Lord Tennyson · politician · 1809 – 1892
and 303 more in the atlas.
States of the 1890s
The states that stood at some time in the 1890s, by region, the best known first, with who held the highest office in 1890.
Europe95 states
- France · 481 – present · Sadi Carnot, President of the French Republic since 1887
- Spain · 1516 – present · Alfonso XIII, Monarch of Spain since 1886
- Switzerland · 1848 – present · Emil Welti, Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1867 and Louis Ruchonnet, Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1875
- Belgium · 1830 – present · Leopold II of Belgium, King of the Belgians since 1865
- Sweden · 900 – present · Oscar II, Monarch of Sweden since 1872
- Denmark · 800 – present · Christian IX, Monarch of Denmark since 1863
- Luxembourg · 1815 – present · William III of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxembourg since 1849
- Andorra · 1278 – present · Salvador Casañas y Pagés, Episcopal Co-Prince since 1879 and Sadi Carnot, French co-prince of Andorra since 1887
and 87 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa63 states
- Morocco · 1549 – present
- Qatar · 1870 – present · Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, Emir of the State of Qatar since 1878
- Ottoman Empire · 1302 – 1922 · Abdul Hamid II, sultan of the Ottoman Empire since 1876
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Ethiopian Empire · 1270 – 1975 · Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia since 1889
- Qajar dynasty · 1785 – 1925 · Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, shah since 1848
- Italian Empire · 1882 – 1960 · Umberto I of Italy, King (until 1946) since 1882
- Khanate of Khiva · 1511 – 1920
and 55 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa49 states
- Liberia · 1822 – present · Hilary R. W. Johnson, President of Liberia since 1884
- Congo Free State · 1885 – 1908 · Leopold II of Belgium, Sovereign of the Congo Free State since 1885
- Dahomey · 1600 – 1894
- Orange Free State · 1854 – 1902
- German East Africa · 1885 – 1919 · Wilhelm II, Emperor since 1888
- South African Republic · 1852 – 1902 · Paul Kruger, President of the South African Republic since 1883
- Sultanate of Zanzibar · 1861 – 1890 · Khalifah bin Said, Sultan of Zanzibar since 1888 and Ali bin Said of Zanzibar, Sultan of Zanzibar since 1890
- German South West Africa · 1884 – 1915
and 41 more; every state of Sub-Saharan Africa.
South Asia152 states
- British Raj · 1858 – 1947 · Queen Victoria, Emperor of India since 1876
- Kingdom of Mysore · 1399 – 1950 · Chamarajendra Wadiyar X, Maharaja of Mysore since 1868
- Emirate of Bukhara · 1785 – 1920 · ʽAbd al-Ahad Khan, Amir since 1885
- Hyderabad State · 1724 – 1948 · Asaf Jah VI of Hyderabad, 1st Nizam of Hyderabad since 1869
- Emirate of Afghanistan · 1823 – 1926 · Abdur Rahman Khan, Emir of Afghanistan since 1880
- French India · 1668 – 1954
- Travancore · 1729 – 1949
- Kingdom of Nepal · 1768 – 2008 · Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah, King of Nepal since 1881
and 144 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia67 states
- Brunei · 1368 – present · Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin, Sultan of Brunei Darussalam since 1885
- Qing dynasty · 1616 – 1912 · Guangxu Emperor, Emperor of China since 1875
- Empire of Japan · 1868 – 1947 · Emperor Meiji, Emperor of Japan since 1867
- Dutch East Indies · 1800 – 1949
- Joseon · 1392 – 1897 · Gojong of Korea, king of Joseon Dynasty since 1863
- French Indochina · 1887 – 1954
- Kelantan · 1762 – 1904 · Sultan Ahmad, Kelantan, Sultan of Kelantan since 1886
- Negeri Sembilan · 1775 – 1894
and 59 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania43 states
- United States · 1776 – present · Benjamin Harrison, President of the United States since 1889
- Mexico · 1821 – present · Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico since 1884
- Canada · 1867 – present · Queen Victoria, monarch of Canada since 1867
- Brazil · 1889 – present · Deodoro da Fonseca, President of Brazil since 1889
- Chile · 1810 – present · José Manuel Balmaceda, President of Chile since 1886
- Argentina · 1861 – present · Miguel Ángel Juárez, President of Argentina since 1886 and Carlos Pellegrini, President of Argentina since 1890
- Colombia · 1810 – present · Rafael Núñez, President of Colombia since 1886
- New Zealand · 1841 – present
and 35 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown21 states
- Triple Alliance · 1882 – 1915
- Kuba Kingdom · 1625 – 1900
- Unfederated Malay States · 1826 – 1946
- Wituland · 1858 – 1890
- Imamate of Futa Jallon · 1725 – 1912 · Bokar Biro, Almamy since 1890
- Kingdom of Sine · 1350 – 1969
- Yeke Kingdom · 1856 – 1891 · M'siri, | since 1856
- Principality of Trinidad · 1893 – 1895
and 13 more; every state of Location unknown.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1870 – 1919: every state, war and life of the 1890s, region by region.
- On the map in 1895: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.