State · 1814 – 1905

Union between Sweden and Norway

A state of 1814 – 1905 — 91 years in Europe. The atlas records 13 things within it — unrest and atrocity 1 · people 11 · works and ideas 1. Its line of rulers holds 5 people.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 91 years; 1814 – 1905
Rulers: 5; the King of Norway
Most ground: 799,300 km²; in 1815
Within it: 13; recorded rows
Symbols: 2; on record, with years

Map: Union between Sweden and Norway in 1815, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Union between Sweden and Norway in 1815, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 799,300 km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Union between Sweden and Norway in 1815, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Union between Sweden and Norway in 1905, last mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold.

Rulers

Read from the state’s own English article and its rulers’ articles, where Wikidata names no ruler.

ending not on record

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source	To the ruler before
Charles XIII	1814 – 1818	4 years	ending not on record
Charles XIV John	1818 – 1844	26 years	ending not on record	child
Oscar I of Sweden	1844 – 1859	15 years	ending not on record	child
Charles XV	1859 – 1872	13 years	ending not on record	child
Oscar II	1872 – 1905	33 years	ending not on record	sibling

5 rulers, 5 with terms dated as terms, covering 1814 – 1905. Median reign 15 years. 0 of 4 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

799,300 km² in 1824, 344,100 km² in 1905; at its largest 799,300 km² in 1824. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flags and arms, in order

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

flag, undatedJack of Sweden and Norway (1844–1905) · Public domain
coat of arms, undatedCoat of arms of Sweden-Norway 1844 · CC BY 4.0 · Fenn-O-maniC

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1800 – 189913 rows · 1 risings, regime changes and massacres

Lithium · discovery · 1817
Roald Amundsen · explorer · 1872 – 1928
Knut Hamsun · writer · 1859 – 1952
Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson · politician · 1832 – 1910
Edvard Munch · artist · 1863 – 1944
Fridtjof Nansen · politician · 1861 – 1930
Edvard Grieg · artist · 1843 – 1907
Vidkun Quisling · politician · 1887 – 1945

and 5 more in the atlas.

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood91 years
stood longer than 44% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held799,300 km²
held more ground at its peak than 81% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median15 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 49% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record5
has more rulers on record than 64% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 1 cause the record names and 0 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

in the article

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Theories that apply to its ending

Of 3 theories of why states fall, 1 has every condition present at this ending; each is applied by its own logic, condition by condition, and whether its authors named this case is a footnote.

Dynastic cycle and the decay of group feeling
Ibn Khaldun 1377 · Turchin & Nefedov 2009
Applies by its own logic: the condition it names held here, and this is the kind of outcome it predicts — adverse regime change or the state's ending.
- the state 90 to 160 years old — ageBand 91

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 1804 – 1915, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 1815, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q62589 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.