Decade · 1250 – 1259
The world in the 1250s
From 1250 to 1259 the atlas holds 406 states standing at some time. 28 things began - Ilkhanate, Mamluk Sultanate and Siege of Baghdad among them - and 18 ended; 33 people were born and 53 died.
Its years
The years of the decade with a page of their own: ten or more things dated to the year.
What began in the 1250s
By kind, the best known first.
States 13
- Ilkhanate · state · 1256 – 1335
- Mamluk Sultanate · state · 1250 – 1517
- Karamanids · state · 1250 – 1487
- Bahri Mamluks · state · 1250 – 1382
- Kingdom of Lithuania · state · 1251 – 1263
- Anhalt-Bernburg · state · 1252 – 1863
- Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst · state · 1252 – 1796
- Sultanate of Ternate · state · 1257 – 1946
and 5 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 11
- Siege of Baghdad · battle · 1258
- Battle of Fariskur · battle · 1250
- Battle of Pelagonia · battle · 1259
- Battle of Mansurah · battle · 1250
- Mongol invasions of Vietnam · war · 1258 – 1288
- Venetian–Genoese Wars · war · 1256 – 1381
- War of Saint Sabas · war · 1256 – 1270
- Mongol campaign against the Nizaris · battle · 1253 – 1276
and 3 more in the atlas.
Unrest and atrocity 1
- Shepherds' Crusade · unrest · 1251
Natural disasters 1
- 1257 Samalas eruption · disaster · 1257
Treaties 2
- Treaty of Paris · treaty · 1259
- Treaty of Corbeil · treaty · 1259
What ended in the 1250s
States 10
- Abbasid Caliphate · state · 750 – 1258
- Tibetans · state · 850 – 1259
- Duchy of Normandy · state · 911 – 1259
- Zengid dynasty · state · 1127 – 1250
- Dali Kingdom · state · 937 – 1253
- Duklja · state · 854 – 1252
- Judicate of Cagliari · state · 1000 – 1258
- Nizari Ismaili state · state · 1090 – 1256
and 2 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 8
- Seventh Crusade · war · 1248 – 1254
- Second Swedish Crusade · battle · 1249 – 1250
- Mongol invasions of Tibet · war · 1240 – 1253
- First Hundred Years' War · war · 1159 – 1259
- Mongol conquest of Persia and Mesopotamia · war · 1219 – 1258
- War of the Flemish Succession · war · 1244 – 1254
- War of the Euboeote Succession · war · 1256 – 1258
- Genoese occupation of Rhodes · battle · 1248 – 1250
Born and died
Born 33
- Marco Polo · explorer · 1254 – 1324
- Osman I · ruler · 1258 – 1326
- Andronikos II Palaiologos · ruler · 1259 – 1332
- Albert I of Germany · monarch · 1255 – 1308
- John IV Doukas Laskaris · ruler · 1251 – 1305
- Adolf, King of the Romans · person · 1255 – 1298
- Conradin · composer · 1252 – 1268
- Przemysł II · politician · 1257 – 1296
- Charles II of Naples · monarch · 1254 – 1309
- Sancho IV of Castile · politician · 1258 – 1295
- Arghun · ruler · 1258 – 1291
- Stefan Milutin · ruler · 1253 – 1321
- Stefan Dragutin · monarch · 1252 – 1316
- Rudrama Devi · monarch · 1259 – 1289
- Toqta · ruler · 1256 – 1312
- Gaykhatu · ruler · 1259 – 1295
and 17 more in the atlas.
Died 53
- Fibonacci · mathematician · 1170 – 1250
- Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor · monarch · 1195 – 1250
- Batu Khan · military leader · 1205 – 1256
- Möngke Khan · ruler · 1209 – 1259
- Ferdinand III of Castile · ruler · 1199 – 1252
- Giovanni da Pian del Carpine · explorer · 1182 – 1252
- John III Doukas Vatatzes · person · 1192 – 1254
- Blanche of Castile · composer · 1188 – 1252
- Theodore II Laskaris · writer · 1222 – 1258
- Conrad IV of Germany · person · 1228 – 1254
- Theobald I of Navarre · ruler · 1201 – 1253
- Abel, King of Denmark · monarch · 1218 – 1252
- Al-Musta'sim · politician · 1212 – 1258
- Wenceslaus I of Bohemia · ruler · 1205 – 1253
- Christopher I of Denmark · monarch · 1219 – 1259
- Eric IV of Denmark · monarch · 1216 – 1250
and 37 more in the atlas.
States of the 1250s
The states that stood at some time in the 1250s, by region, the best known first, with who held the highest office in 1250.
Europe221 states
- France · 481 – present
- Sweden · 900 – present · Erik Eriksson, Monarch of Sweden since 1234 and Valdemar, Monarch of Sweden since 1250
- Denmark · 800 – present · Eric IV of Denmark, Monarch of Denmark since 1241 and Abel, King of Denmark, Monarch of Denmark since 1250
- San Marino · 301 – present
- Holy Roman Empire · 962 – 1806 · Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor since 1220
- Vikings · 793 – 1332
- Goths · 100 – 1475
- Golden Horde · 1243 – 1502 · Batu Khan, khan since 1227
and 213 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa66 states
- Byzantine Empire · 285 – 1453
- Abbasid Caliphate · 750 – 1258 · Al-Musta'sim, Abbasid caliph since 1242
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Latin Empire · 1204 – 1261 · Baldwin II, Latin Emperor, Despot of the Latin Empire since 1228
- Kingdom of Jerusalem · 1099 – 1291 · Conrad IV of Germany, monarch since 1228
- Ilkhanate · 1256 – 1335
- Ayyubid dynasty · 1171 – 1341 · Al-Muazzam Turanshah, Sultan of Egypt since 1249 and Al-Ashraf Musa, Sultan of Egypt, Sultan of Egypt since 1250
- Sultanate of Rum · 1077 – 1307 · Kaykaus II, Sultan of Rum since 1246 and Kayqubad II, Sultan of Rum since 1249
and 58 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa10 states
- Mali Empire · 1235 – 1670 · Sundiata Keita, Mansa since 1235
- Kingdom of Benin · 1170 – 1897 · Ehenmihen, Oba of Benin since 1243
- Ajuran Sultanate · 1201 – 1700
- Kilwa Sultanate · 957 – 1513
- Kingdom of Nri · 1000 – 1911
- Warsangali Sultanate · 1218 – 1886
- Kingdom of Damot · 1100 – 1317
- Kingdom of Ardra · 1100 – 1724
and 2 more; every state of Sub-Saharan Africa.
South Asia45 states
- Kathmandu · 1202 – 1761
- Delhi Sultanate · 1206 – 1526 · Mahmud I of Delhi, Sultan of Hindustan (Sultan of Delhi) since 1245
- Tibetans · 850 – 1259
- Chola dynasty · 300 BCE – 1279 CE · Rajaraja III, Chola king since 1216 and Rajendra Chola III, Chola king since 1246
- Chagatai Khanate · 1225 – 1687 · Yesü Möngke, khan since 1246
- Mamluk dynasty · 1206 – 1290
- Pandya dynasty · 300 BCE – 1650 CE
- Hoysala Kingdom · 1026 – 1343 · Vira Someshwara, Hoysala king since 1235
and 37 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia36 states
- Mongol Empire · 1206 – 1368 · Oghul Qaimish, khagan since 1248
- Song dynasty · 960 – 1279 · Emperor Lizong, Emperor of China since 1224
- Khmer Empire · 802 – 1431
- Srivijaya · 650 – 1377
- Champa · 192 – 1832 · Jaya Paramesvaravarman II, king since 1220
- Goryeo · 918 – 1392
- Pagan Kingdom · 849 – 1297 · Kyaswa, King of Burma since 1235
- Dali Kingdom · 937 – 1253
and 28 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania12 states
- Maya civilization · 2001 BCE – 1521 CE
- Ancestral Puebloans · 850 – 1304
- Tuʻi Tonga Empire · 951 – 1826
- Norse settlement of North America · 1072 – 1384
- Chimor · 850 – 1470
- Kingdom of Cusco · 1197 – 1438 · Sinchi Roca, Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cusco since 1230
- Sican culture · 700 – 1375
- Texcoco · 1202 – 1428
and 4 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown16 states
- Rurikids · 862 – 1598 · Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Kyiv since 1249
- Burgraviate of Nuremberg · 1105 – 1486
- Langkasuka · 100 – 1500
- House of Ögedei · 1200 – 1400
- Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe · 1220 – 1450
- Möng Mao · 560 – 1604
- Savoyard state · 1003 – 1861
- Airgíalla · 331 – 1585
and 8 more; every state of Location unknown.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1230 – 1279: every state, war and life of the 1250s, region by region.
- On the map in 1255: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.