Year
The world in 1878
In 1878 the atlas holds 470 states standing across 6 regions. 32 things began that year - Ytterbium, Holmium and Treaty of San Stefano among them - and 11 ended; 67 people were born and 36 died.
Only what Wikidata dates to the year is counted here; a thing dated to its decade is on the 1870s page, and to its century on the 19th century.
What began in 1878
By kind, the best known first; a war or a state is listed in the year it began.
States 5
- Principality of Bulgaria · state · 1878 – 1908
- British Cyprus · state · 1878 – 1960
- Samorian State · state · 1878 – 1898
- Sultanate of Hobyo · state · 1878 – 1925
- Department of Tarapacá · state · 1878 – 1883
Wars and battles 7
- Second Anglo-Afghan War · war · 1878 – 1880
- Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 · battle · 1878
- Nauruan Civil War · war · 1878 – 1888
- Lincoln County War · war · 1878
- Battle of Plovdiv · battle · 1878
- Bannock War · war · 1878
- Cretan revolt · battle · 1878
Unrest and atrocity 2
- Kumanovo uprising · unrest · 1878
- 1878 Macedonian rebellion · unrest · 1878
Treaties 4
- Treaty of San Stefano · treaty · 1878
- Treaty of Berlin · treaty · 1878
- Cyprus Convention · treaty · 1878
- Pact of Zanjón · treaty · 1878
Works and ideas 14
- Ytterbium · discovery · 1878
- Holmium · discovery · 1878
- 182 Elsa · discovery · 1878
- 180 Garumna · discovery · 1878
- 181 Eucharis · discovery · 1878
- 183 Istria · discovery · 1878
- 184 Dejopeja · discovery · 1878
- Bolometer · discovery · 1878
- 186 Celuta · discovery · 1878
- 187 Lamberta · discovery · 1878
and 4 more in the atlas.
What ended in 1878
States that fell or were replaced, and wars and other things that ran past the year they began.
States 1
- Swedish overseas colonies · state · 1638 – 1878
Wars and battles 8
- Russo-Turkish War · war · 1877 – 1878
- Romanian War of Independence · war · 1877 – 1878
- Ten Years' War · war · 1868 – 1878
- Battle of Shipka Pass · battle · 1877 – 1878
- Serbian–Ottoman Wars · war · 1876 – 1878
- Montenegrin–Ottoman War · war · 1876 – 1878
- First Serbian–Ottoman War · war · 1876 – 1878
- Qing reconquest of Xinjiang · war · 1876 – 1878
Unrest and atrocity 1
- Herzegovina uprising · unrest · 1875 – 1878
Famine and plague 1
- Great Famine of 1876–1878 · famine · 1876 – 1878
Born and died
By how many Wikipedias write about them.
Born in 1878 67
- Joseph Stalin · revolutionary · 1878 – 1953
- Lise Meitner · physicist · 1878 – 1968
- Carl Sandburg · poet · 1878 – 1967
- Gustav Stresemann · politician · 1878 – 1929
- Kazimir Malevich · sculptor · 1878 – 1935
- Reza Shah · politician · 1878 – 1944
- Upton Sinclair · politician · 1878 – 1968
- Pyotr Wrangel · military officer · 1878 – 1928
- Manuel L. Quezon · politician · 1878 – 1944
- Shigeru Yoshida · politician · 1878 – 1967
- C. Rajagopalachari · composer · 1878 – 1972
- Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia · politician · 1878 – 1918
- Paul Reynaud · politician · 1878 – 1966
- Sergio Osmeña · politician · 1878 – 1961
- Jan Łukasiewicz · mathematician · 1878 – 1956
- Kōki Hirota · politician · 1878 – 1948
and 51 more in the atlas.
Died in 1878 36
- Pope Pius IX · diplomat · 1792 – 1878
- Nikolay Nekrasov · poet · 1821 – 1878
- Victor Emmanuel II · monarch · 1820 – 1878
- John Russell, 1st Earl Russell · politician · 1792 – 1878
- Mirza Fatali Akhundov · philosopher · 1812 – 1878
- Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies · monarch · 1806 – 1878
- Ōkubo Toshimichi · politician · 1830 – 1878
- George V of Hanover · composer · 1819 – 1878
- Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora · politician · 1804 – 1878
- Mindon Min · monarch · 1808 – 1878
- Charles Cousin-Montauban · politician · 1796 – 1878
- Manuel Pardo · politician · 1834 – 1878
- Mohammed bin Thani · politician · 1788 – 1878
- Cirilo Antonio Rivarola · politician · 1836 – 1878
- Gideon Welles · politician · 1802 – 1878
- Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera · statesperson · 1798 – 1878
and 20 more in the atlas.
Standing in 1878
The states the atlas holds as standing that year, by region, the best known first, with who held the highest office where the record dates it.
Europe93 states
- France · 481 – present · Patrice de MacMahon, President of the French Republic since 1873
- Spain · 1516 – present · Alfonso XII, Monarch of Spain since 1874
- Switzerland · 1848 – present · Emil Welti, Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1867 and Johann Jakob Scherer, Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1872
- Belgium · 1830 – present · Leopold II of Belgium, King of the Belgians since 1865
- Sweden · 900 – present · Oscar II, Monarch of Sweden since 1872
- Denmark · 800 – present · Christian IX, Monarch of Denmark since 1863
- Luxembourg · 1815 – present · William III of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxembourg since 1849
- Andorra · 1278 – present · Josep Caixal i Estradé, Episcopal Co-Prince since 1852 and Patrice de MacMahon, French co-prince of Andorra since 1873
- Monaco · 1297 – present · Charles III of Monaco, Prince of Monaco since 1856
- Liechtenstein · 1806 – present · Johann II of Liechtenstein, Prince of Lichtenstein since 1858
and 83 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa60 states
- Morocco · 1549 – present
- Qatar · 1870 – present · Mohammed bin Thani, Emir of the State of Qatar since 1851 and Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, Emir of the State of Qatar since 1878
- Ottoman Empire · 1302 – 1922 · Abdul Hamid II, sultan of the Ottoman Empire since 1876
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Ethiopian Empire · 1270 – 1975 · Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia since 1871
- Qajar dynasty · 1785 – 1925 · Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, shah since 1848
- Khanate of Khiva · 1511 – 1920
- French Algeria · 1832 – 1962
- Khedivate of Egypt · 1867 – 1914 · Isma'il Pasha of Egypt, Khedive of Egypt and Sudan since 1863
- Sokoto Caliphate · 1804 – 1903
and 50 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa47 states
- Liberia · 1822 – present · James Spriggs Payne, President of Liberia since 1876 and Anthony W. Gardner, President of Liberia since 1878
- Dahomey · 1600 – 1894
- Orange Free State · 1854 – 1902
- South African Republic · 1852 – 1902
- Kingdom of Kongo · 1395 – 1888 · Pedro V of Kongo, Manikongo since 1859
- Sultanate of Zanzibar · 1861 – 1890 · Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar, Sultan of Zanzibar since 1870
- Asante Empire · 1670 – 1902
- Cape Colony · 1795 – 1910 · Queen Victoria, King/Queen since 1837
- Gold Coast · 1821 – 1957 · Queen Victoria, Monarch since 1837
- Kingdom of Benin · 1170 – 1897
and 37 more; every state of Sub-Saharan Africa.
South Asia153 states
- British Raj · 1858 – 1947 · Queen Victoria, Emperor of India since 1876
- Kingdom of Mysore · 1399 – 1950 · Chamarajendra Wadiyar X, Maharaja of Mysore since 1868
- Emirate of Bukhara · 1785 – 1920 · Muzaffar bin Nasrullah, Amir since 1860
- Hyderabad State · 1724 – 1948 · Asaf Jah VI of Hyderabad, 1st Nizam of Hyderabad since 1869
- Emirate of Afghanistan · 1823 – 1926
- French India · 1668 – 1954
- Travancore · 1729 – 1949 · Ayilyam Thirunal, Maharaja of Travancore since 1860
- Kingdom of Nepal · 1768 – 2008 · Surendra Bikram Shah, King of Nepal since 1847
- Jammu and Kashmir (princely state) · 1846 – 1947 · Ranbir Singh of Jammu and Kashmir, Raja since 1856
- Kingdom of Sikkim · 1642 – 1975 · Thutob Namgyal, Chogyal since 1874
and 143 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia60 states
- Brunei · 1368 – present · Abdul Momin, Sultan of Brunei Darussalam since 1852
- Qing dynasty · 1616 – 1912 · Guangxu Emperor, Emperor of China since 1875
- Empire of Japan · 1868 – 1947 · Emperor Meiji, Emperor of Japan since 1867
- Chiang Mai · 1775 – 1884 · Inthawichayanon, Prince of Chiang Mai since 1870
- Dutch East Indies · 1800 – 1949
- Joseon · 1392 – 1897 · Gojong of Korea, king of Joseon Dynasty since 1863
- Kelantan · 1762 – 1904
- Negeri Sembilan · 1775 – 1894 · Antah of Negeri Sembilan, Yamtuan Besar since 1869
- Perlis · 1842 – 1910 · Syed Ahmad ibni Syed Hussain Jamalullail, King of Perlis since 1873
- Ryukyu Kingdom · 1429 – 1879
and 50 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania35 states
- United States · 1776 – present · Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States since 1877
- Mexico · 1821 – present
- Canada · 1867 – present · Queen Victoria, monarch of Canada since 1867
- Chile · 1810 – present · Aníbal Pinto, President of Chile since 1876
- Argentina · 1861 – present · Nicolás Avellaneda, President of Argentina since 1874
- Colombia · 1810 – present · Julián Trujillo Largacha, President of Colombia since 1878
- New Zealand · 1841 – present
- Peru · 1822 – present · Mariano Ignacio Prado, President of Peru since 1876
- Uruguay · 1825 – present · Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay since 1876
- Ecuador · 1830 – present
and 25 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown22 states
- Kuba Kingdom · 1625 – 1900
- Unfederated Malay States · 1826 – 1946
- Wituland · 1858 – 1890
- Kingdom of Kakongo · 1500 – 1885
- Ngoyo · 1500 – 1885
- Imamate of Futa Jallon · 1725 – 1912
- Kingdom of Sine · 1350 – 1969
- Yeke Kingdom · 1856 – 1891 · M'siri, | since 1856
- Gaekwad dynasty · 1721 – 1947
- Kazembe · 1740 – 1899
and 12 more; every state of Location unknown.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1853 – 1903: every state, war and life of 1878 and the years either side, region by region.
- On the map in 1878: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.