Decade · 1790 – 1799
The world in the 1790s
From 1790 to 1799 the atlas holds 630 states standing at some time. 270 things began - Beryllium, Titanium and Chromium among them - and 110 ended; 242 people were born and 193 died, 2 of all these dated only to the decade.
Its years
The years of the decade with a page of their own: ten or more things dated to the year.
What began in the 1790s
By kind, the best known first.
States 46
- French First Republic · state · 1792 – 1804
- Batavian Republic · state · 1795 – 1806
- French Directory · state · 1795 – 1799
- Hawaiian Kingdom · state · 1795 – 1895
- Helvetic Republic · state · 1798 – 1803
- French Consulate · state · 1799 – 1804
- Cape Colony · state · 1795 – 1910
- Cisalpine Republic · state · 1797 – 1802
and 38 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 153
- French Revolutionary Wars · war · 1792 – 1802
- Battle of the Nile · battle · 1798
- French invasion of Egypt and Syria · battle · 1798 – 1801
- War of the First Coalition · war · 1792 – 1797
- War of the Second Coalition · war · 1798 – 1802
- Battle of the Pyramids · battle · 1798
- Battle of Valmy · battle · 1792
- Siege of Toulon · battle · 1793
and 145 more in the atlas.
Regime change 5
- Coup of 18 Brumaire · adverse regime change · 1799
- Coup of 18 Fructidor · adverse regime change · 1797
- 13 Vendémiaire · adverse regime change · 1795
- Coup of 30 Prairial VII · adverse regime change · 1799
- Batavian coup of 22 January 1798 · adverse regime change · 1798
Unrest and atrocity 27
- Haitian Revolution · unrest · 1791 – 1804
- War in the Vendée · atrocity · 1793 – 1796
- Kościuszko Uprising · unrest · 1794
- September Massacres · atrocity · 1792
- Insurrection of 10 August 1792 · unrest · 1792
- Irish Rebellion of 1798 · unrest · 1798
- Champ de Mars massacre · atrocity · 1791
- Whiskey Rebellion · unrest · 1791 – 1794
and 19 more in the atlas.
Famine and plague 1
- 1793 Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic · plague · 1793
Natural disasters 2
- 1797 Riobamba earthquake · disaster · 1797
- 1792 Unzen landslide and tsunami · disaster · 1792
Treaties 21
- Treaty of Campo Formio · treaty · 1797
- Treaty of Jassy · treaty · 1792
- Peace of Basel · treaty · 1795
- Treaty of Sistova · treaty · 1791
- Jay Treaty · treaty · 1794
- Peace of Leoben · treaty · 1797
- Second Treaty of San Ildefonso · treaty · 1796
- Treaty of Värälä · treaty · 1790
and 13 more in the atlas.
Works and ideas 15
- Beryllium · discovery · 1798
- Titanium · discovery · 1791
- Chromium · discovery · 1797
- Dream of the Red Chamber · literature · 1792
- Sewing machine · discovery · 1790
- Rosetta Stone · discovery · 1799
- Guillotine · discovery · 1792
- Palmyra Atoll · discovery · 1798
and 7 more in the atlas.
What ended in the 1790s
States 79
- Freetown · state · 1788 – 1796
- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth · state · 1569 – 1795
- Republic of Venice · state · 697 – 1797
- Kingdom of France · state · 987 – 1791
- Dutch Republic · state · 1581 – 1795
- Grand Duchy of Lithuania · state · 1236 – 1795
- Republic of Genoa · state · 1005 – 1797
- Duchy of Milan · state · 1395 – 1797
and 71 more in the atlas.
Wars and battles 22
- War of the First Coalition · war · 1792 – 1797
- Russo-Turkish War · war · 1787 – 1792
- Austro-Turkish War · war · 1788 – 1791
- Russo-Swedish War · war · 1788 – 1790
- Ottoman–Habsburg wars · war · 1526 – 1791
- Anglo-Mysore wars · war · 1767 – 1799
- Fourth Anglo-Mysore War · war · 1798 – 1799
- Northwest Indian War · war · 1785 – 1795
and 14 more in the atlas.
Unrest and atrocity 8
- French Revolution · unrest · 1789 – 1799
- War in the Vendée · atrocity · 1793 – 1796
- Whiskey Rebellion · unrest · 1791 – 1794
- Brabant Revolution · unrest · 1789 – 1790
- Drownings at Nantes · atrocity · 1793 – 1794
- Second Maroon War · unrest · 1795 – 1796
- Second Carib War · unrest · 1795 – 1797
- Fédon's rebellion · unrest · 1795 – 1796
Treaties 1
- Second Congress of Rastatt · treaty · 1797 – 1799
Born and died
Born 242
- Alexander Pushkin · poet · 1799 – 1837
- Michael Faraday · inventor · 1791 – 1867
- Honoré de Balzac · writer · 1799 – 1851
- Franz Schubert · composer · 1797 – 1828
- Heinrich Heine · composer · 1797 – 1856
- James Buchanan · statesperson · 1791 – 1868
- James K. Polk · statesperson · 1795 – 1849
- John Keats · physician · 1795 – 1821
- John Tyler · statesperson · 1790 – 1862
- Percy Bysshe Shelley · poet · 1792 – 1822
- Auguste Comte · mathematician · 1798 – 1857
- Mary Shelley · poet · 1797 – 1851
- Adam Mickiewicz · poet · 1798 – 1855
- Eugène Delacroix · painter · 1798 – 1863
- Thomas Carlyle · mathematician · 1795 – 1881
- Charles Babbage · inventor · 1791 – 1871
and 226 more in the atlas.
Died 193
- George Washington · revolutionary · 1732 – 1799
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart · composer · 1756 – 1791
- Adam Smith · philosopher · 1723 – 1790
- Benjamin Franklin · politician · 1706 – 1790
- Catherine the Great · monarch · 1729 – 1796
- Marie Antoinette · person · 1755 – 1793
- Maximilien Robespierre · revolutionary · 1758 – 1794
- Mary Wollstonecraft · philosopher · 1759 – 1797
- Antoine Lavoisier · astronomer · 1743 – 1794
- Louis XVI · monarch · 1754 – 1793
- Edmund Burke · philosopher · 1729 – 1797
- Robert Burns · poet · 1759 – 1796
- Giacomo Casanova · diplomat · 1725 – 1798
- Edward Gibbon · politician · 1737 – 1794
- Pierre-Augustin de Beaumarchais · politician · 1732 – 1799
- Carlo Goldoni · poet · 1707 – 1794
and 177 more in the atlas.
States of the 1790s
The states that stood at some time in the 1790s, by region, the best known first, with who held the highest office in 1790.
Europe233 states
- France · 481 – present
- Spain · 1516 – present · Charles IV of Spain, Monarch of Spain since 1788
- Sweden · 900 – present · Gustav III, Monarch of Sweden since 1771
- Denmark · 800 – present · Christian VII, Monarch of Denmark since 1766
- Andorra · 1278 – present · Louis XVI, French co-prince of Andorra since 1774 and Josep de Boltas, Episcopal Co-Prince since 1785
- Monaco · 1297 – present
- San Marino · 301 – present
- Holy Roman Empire · 962 – 1806 · Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor since 1765 and Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor since 1790
and 225 more; every state of Europe.
Middle East and North Africa78 states
- Morocco · 1549 – present
- Ottoman Empire · 1302 – 1922 · Selim III, sultan of the Ottoman Empire since 1789
- Persian Empire · 550 BCE – 1979 CE
- Ethiopian Empire · 1270 – 1975 · Hezqeyas, Emperor of Ethiopia since 1789
- Qajar dynasty · 1785 – 1925 · Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, shah since 1789
- Khanate of Khiva · 1511 – 1920
- Zand Iran · 1751 – 1794 · Lotf Ali Khan, Vakil ol-Ra'aya, Shah since 1789
- Afsharid dynasty · 1736 – 1796
and 70 more; every state of Middle East and North Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa45 states
- Freetown · 1788 – 1796
- Dahomey · 1600 – 1894
- Kingdom of Kongo · 1395 – 1888 · Alvare XII du Kongo, Manikongo since 1787
- Asante Empire · 1670 – 1902 · Konadu Yaadom, Asantehemaa since 1778
- Cape Colony · 1795 – 1910
- Kingdom of Benin · 1170 – 1897
- Buganda · 1420 – 1966 · Jjunju of Buganda, Kabaka of Buganda since 1780
- Oyo Empire · 1400 – 1905
and 37 more; every state of Sub-Saharan Africa.
South Asia156 states
- Mughal Empire · 1526 – 1857 · Shah Alam II, Mughal emperor since 1788
- Maratha Empire · 1674 – 1818 · Shahu II of Satara, Chatrapati since 1777
- Sikh Empire · 1733 – 1849
- Durrani Empire · 1747 – 1826 · Timur Shah Durrani, Shah of the Durrani Empire since 1772
- Kazakh Khanate · 1458 – 1847
- Khanate of Kokand · 1709 – 1876
- Kingdom of Mysore · 1399 – 1950
- Emirate of Bukhara · 1785 – 1920 · Shah Murad, Amir since 1785
and 148 more; every state of South Asia.
East and Southeast Asia70 states
- Brunei · 1368 – present
- Qing dynasty · 1616 – 1912 · Qianlong Emperor, Emperor of China since 1735
- Chiang Mai · 1775 – 1884
- Joseon · 1392 – 1897 · Jeongjo of Joseon, king of Joseon Dynasty since 1776
- Kelantan · 1762 – 1904
- Negeri Sembilan · 1775 – 1894 · Raja Melewar, Yamtuan Besar since 1773
- Tokugawa shogunate · 1603 – 1867
- Champa · 192 – 1832
and 62 more; every state of East and Southeast Asia.
Americas and Oceania22 states
- United States · 1776 – present · George Washington, President of the United States since 1789
- Greenland · 1734 – 1940
- Hawaiian Kingdom · 1795 – 1895 · Kamehameha I, king since 1782
- Vermont Republic · 1777 – 1791 · Moses Robinson, Governor since 1789
- Mosquito Coast · 1637 – 1894 · George II of Mosquito, King of the Mosquito Nation since 1775
- Upper Canada · 1791 – 1841
- Northwest Territory · 1787 – 1803 · Arthur St. Clair, Governor of Northwest Territory since 1788
- Tuʻi Tonga Empire · 951 – 1826
and 14 more; every state of Americas and Oceania.
Location unknown26 states
- Kuba Kingdom · 1625 – 1900
- Kaarta · 1753 – 1854
- Baban · 1600 – 1847
- Kingdom of Kakongo · 1500 – 1885
- Ngoyo · 1500 – 1885
- Imamate of Futa Jallon · 1725 – 1912
- Kingdom of Sine · 1350 – 1969
- Soran Emirate · 1530 – 1835
and 18 more; every state of Location unknown.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1770 – 1819: every state, war and life of the 1790s, region by region.
- On the map in 1795: the borders of the year, its cities under their names of the year, and what happened where.
Wikidata (CC0) · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.