State · 1236 – 1795

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

A state of 1236 – 1795 — 559 years in Europe. It replaced Duchy of Lithuania and Period of Appanages. The atlas records 41 things within it — wars and battles 12 · unrest and atrocity 1 · treaties 5 · people 23. Its line of rulers holds 17 people, 16 with dated terms.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 559 years; 1236 – 1795
Rulers: 17; the Grand Duke of Lithuania
Most ground: 812,400 km²; in 1375
Within it: 41; recorded rows
Symbols: 2; on record, with years

Map: Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1375, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1375, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 812,400 km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1227, first mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1375, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

Before it

Duchy of Lithuania · replaces · 1250 – 1413
Period of Appanages · replaces

Rulers

The line of Grand Duke of Lithuania - the office this state names as its head of state.

killed, executed or dead in battledeposed, abdicated, exiled or removeddied in officeleft alive by a regular roadending not on recorda second row: a reign that began before the last had ended — rival claimants, or a shared throne

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source	To the ruler before
Mindaugas	1236 – 1253	17 years	left office aliveread off the dates alone
Treniota	1263 – 1264	1 year	killedWikidata's manner of death	another recorded relative
Vaišvilkas	1264 – 1267	3 years	left office aliveread off the dates alone	cousin
Shvarn	1267 – 1269	2 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Traidenis	1269 – 1282	13 years	ending not on record
Butigeidis	1282 – 1292	10 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Butvydas	1292 – 1296	4 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Vytenis	1295 – 1316	21 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Jaunutis	1341 – 1345	4 years	ending not on record	nephew or niece
Algirdas	1345 – 1377	32 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	sibling
Kęstutis	1381 – 1382	1 year	ended otherwise, as coded — neither deposed nor a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell	sibling
Vytautas the Great	1392 – 1430	38 years	died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell	child
Švitrigaila / Svidrigiello	1430 – 1432	2 years	deposed or killedcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell
Sigismund Kęstutaitis	1432 – 1440	8 years	deposed or killedcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell
Casimir IV Jagiellon	1440 – 1492	52 years	died a natural deathcoded by Kokkonen & Sundell
Augustus III of Poland	1734 – 1763	29 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone

17 rulers, 16 with terms dated as terms, covering 1236 – 1763. Median reign 9 years. 4 of 15 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

60,100 km² in 1236, 743,400 km² in 1436; at its largest 808,400 km² in 1386. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flags and arms, in order

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

flag, undatedRoyal banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania · CC0
coat of arms, from 1386POL COA Grand Duchy of Lithuania · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Guccee This W3C-unspecified vector image was created with Inkscape .

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1200 – 129912 rows · 1 wars and battles

Mindaugas · ruler · 1203 – 1263
Gediminas · person · 1275 – 1341
Algirdas · ruler · 1296 – 1377
Kęstutis · ruler · 1297 – 1382
Battle of Saule · battle · 1236
Treniota · ruler · 1210 – 1264
Shvarn · ruler · 1230 – 1269
Vaišvilkas · ruler · 1223 – 1268

and 4 more in the atlas.

1300 – 139917 rows · 6 wars and battles

Vytautas the Great · ruler · 1350 – 1430
Union of Krewo · treaty · 1385
Švitrigaila / Svidrigiello · ruler · 1356 – 1452
Battle of the Vorskla River · battle · 1399
Skirgaila · person · 1354 – 1395
Sigismund Kęstutaitis · ruler · 1365 – 1440
Sophia of Lithuania · person · 1370 – 1453
Sigismund Korybut · commander · 1395 – 1435

and 9 more in the atlas.

1400 – 14996 rows · 2 wars and battles

Casimir IV Jagiellon · ruler · 1427 – 1492
Konstanty Ostrogski · commander · 1460 – 1530
Lithuanian Civil War · war · 1432 – 1438
Battle of Wiłkomierz · battle · 1435
Michael Glinski · commander · 1470 – 1534
Union of Grodno · treaty · 1432

1500 – 15994 rows · 1 wars and battles · 1 risings, regime changes and massacres

Josaphat Kuntsevych · religious leader · 1580 – 1623
Mikołaj Radziwiłł the Red · politician · 1512 – 1584
Glinski rebellion · unrest · 1508
Siege of Smolensk · battle · 1514

1600 – 16992 rows · 2 wars and battles

Polish–Swedish War · war · 1617 – 1618
Lithuanian Civil War · war · 1697 – 1702

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood559 years
stood longer than 89% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held812,400 km²
held more ground at its peak than 82% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per century0.9
had more wars on record per century than 92% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median10 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 35% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record17
has more rulers on record than 90% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 5 causes the record names and 0 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

linkedcoincidence

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 1180 – 1851, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 1375, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q49683 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.