State · 1920 – present
Syria
A state of 1920 – present — 106 years, still standing in the Middle East and North Africa. It replaced United Arab Republic and Ba'athist Syria. The atlas records 183 things within it — wars and battles 88 · regime change 2 · unrest and atrocity 15 · famine and plague 1 · people 77. Its line of rulers holds 22 people, 19 with dated terms.
- Still standing: the span runs to the year of the build, 2026.
For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.
- Stood
- 106 years
- and still standing
- Rulers
- 22
- the President of Syria
- Most ground
- 210,000 km²
- in 1920
- Within it
- 183
- recorded rows
- Symbols
- 18
- on record, with years
1920 · at its largest · 210,000 km²
2014 · last mapped · 118,800 km²
Where it sits in time
Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.
Before and after
The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.
Before it
- Ba'athist Syria · replaces · 1963 – 2024
- United Arab Republic · replaces · 1958 – 1971
Rulers
The line of President of Syria - the office this state names as its head of state.
1 terms are shared from [object Object].
| Ruler | Reign | Length | How it ended · source | To the ruler before |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henri Ponsot · from the line of First Syrian Republic | 1930 – 1933 | 3 years | ending not on record | |
| Bahij al-Khatib | 1939 – 1941 | 2 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Shukri al-Quwatli | 1946 – 1949 | 3 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Husni al-Za'im | 1949 – 1949 | under a year | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Sami al-Hinnawi | 1949 – 1949 | under a year | killedWikidata's manner of death | |
| Hashim al-Atassi | 1949 – 1951 | 2 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Fawzi Selu | 1951 – 1953 | 2 years | resigned or stood down, the article saysread from the ruler's own article | |
| Adib Shishakli | 1953 – 1954 | 1 year | deposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article | |
| Maamun al-Kuzbari | 1954 – 1954 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Hashim al-Atassi | 1954 – 1955 | 1 year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Shukri al-Quwatli | 1955 – 1958 | 3 years | exiled, imprisoned or confined, the article saysread from the ruler's own article | |
| Izzat al-Nuss | 1961 – 1961 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Maamun al-Kuzbari | 1961 – 1961 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Nazim al-Qudsi | 1961 – 1963 | 2 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lu'ay al-Atassi | 1963 – 1963 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Amin al-Hafiz | 1963 – 1966 | 3 years | deposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article | |
| Nureddin al-Atassi | 1966 – 1970 | 4 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Ahmad al-Khatib | 1970 – 1971 | 1 year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Hafez al-Assad | 1971 – 2000 | 29 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | |
| Abdul Halim Khaddam | 2000 – 2000 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Bashar al-Assad | 2000 – 2024 | 24 years | ended by a named eventWikidata's end cause on the term | |
| Ahmed al-Sharaa | 2025 – in office | in office since 2025 | still in office |
22 rulers, 19 with terms dated as terms, covering 1930 – 2025. Median reign 2 years. 17 of 21 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.
Ground held, by year
km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.
210,000 km² in 1920, 118,800 km² in 2020; at its largest 210,000 km² in 1920. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.
Flags and arms, in order
Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.
.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Syria_(2024%E2%80%932025).svg.png)
coat of arms, undatedEmblem of Syria (2024–2025) · Public domain .svg/120px-Emblem_of_Syria_(1980%E2%80%932024).svg.png)
coat of arms, undatedEmblem of Syria (1980–2024) · Public domain .svg/120px-Emblem_of_Syria_(1945%E2%80%931958).svg.png)
coat of arms, undatedEmblem of Syria (1945–1958) · Public domain _based_on_Emblem_of_Syria_(1945%E2%80%931958%2C_1961%E2%80%931963).svg/120px-Emblem_of_Syria_(1963%E2%80%931972)_based_on_Emblem_of_Syria_(1945%E2%80%931958%2C_1961%E2%80%931963).svg.png)
coat of arms, undatedEmblem of Syria (1963–1972) based on Emblem of Syria (1945–1958, 1961–1963) · CC0 .svg/120px-Flag_of_the_French_Mandate_of_Syria_(1920).svg.png)
flag, 1920 – 1920Flag of the French Mandate of Syria (1920) · Public domain 
flag, 1920 – 1932Flag of Syria French mandate · Public domain .svg/120px-Flag_of_Kingdom_of_Syria_(1920-03-08_to_1920-07-24).svg.png)
flag, 1920 – 1920Flag of Kingdom of Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24) · Public domain .svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958%E2%80%931971).svg.png)
coat of arms, 1958 – 1961Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic (1958–1971) · Public domain %2C_Flag_of_Syria_(1980%E2%80%932024).svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958%E2%80%931971)%2C_Flag_of_Syria_(1980%E2%80%932024).svg.png)
flag, 1958 – 1961Flag of the United Arab Republic (1958–1971), Flag of Syria (1980–2024) · Public domain .svg/120px-Flag_of_Syria_(1930%E2%80%931958%2C_1961%E2%80%931963).svg.png)
flag, 1961 – 1963Flag of Syria (1930–1958, 1961–1963) · Public domain .svg/120px-Emblem_of_Syria_(1961%E2%80%931963).svg.png)
coat of arms, 1961 – 1963Emblem of Syria (1961–1963) · CC0 %2C_Flag_of_Syria_(1980%E2%80%932024)_(stars_variant_1).svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958%E2%80%931971)%2C_Flag_of_Syria_(1980%E2%80%932024)_(stars_variant_1).svg.png)
flag, 1963 – 1972Flag of the United Arab Republic (1958–1971), Flag of Syria (1980–2024) (stars variant 1) · Public domain
6 more in the atlas.
What happened within it, by century
Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.
1900 – 199981 rows · 6 wars and battles · 5 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Bashar al-Assad · ruler · 1965 – present
- Ahmed al-Sharaa · ruler · 1982 – present
- 1982 Lebanon War · war · 1982 – 1985
- Mohammed al-Bashir · inventor · 1983 – present
- 1982 Hama massacre · atrocity · 1982
- Syria–Lebanon campaign · battle · 1941
- Maher al-Assad · commander · 1967 – present
- Salih Muslim · scientist · 1951 – present
and 73 more in the atlas.
2000 – 209995 rows · 82 wars and battles · 12 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Syrian civil war · war · 2011 – 2024
- 2019 Turkish offensive into northeastern Syria · battle · 2019
- 2017 Shayrat missile strike · war · 2017
- Operation Olive Branch · battle · 2018 – 2019
- Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war · battle · 2015 – 2024
- 2024 Syrian opposition offensives · battle · 2024
- Battle of Aleppo · battle · 2012 – 2016
- Siege of Kobanî · battle · 2014 – 2015
and 87 more in the atlas.
Among all states
Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.
- How long it stood106 years
stood longer than 48% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
- The most ground it held210,000 km²
held more ground at its peak than 59% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
- Wars recorded per century10.4
had more wars on record per century than 100% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
- How long a reign lasted, at the median2 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 5% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
- Rulers on record22
has more rulers on record than 92% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.
What led to it, and what came of it
The investigation's own picture: 13 causes the record names and 0 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.
Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1909 – 2037, with everything that stood beside it.
- On the map in 1920, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
- Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.
Wikidata Q858 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.