Pastlasby Oleh Voronko

State · 1918 – 1939

Second Polish Republic

A state of 1918 – 1939 — 21 years in Europe. It replaced Austria-Hungary, Congress Poland and Cisleithania and 4 more and followed German Empire, Russian Republic and Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia. It was replaced by Polish People's Republic, Polish Underground State and Galician Soviet Socialist Republic and 1 more and followed by Soviet Union, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and Slovak Republic and 1 more. The atlas records 91 things within it — wars and battles 25 · regime change 1 · unrest and atrocity 8 · treaties 5 · people 52. Its line of rulers holds 4 people. Its own article says it was conquered.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood
21 years
1918 – 1939
Rulers
4
the chief of state (Poland)
Most ground
372,700 km²
in 1939
Within it
91
recorded rows
Symbols
3
on record, with years
Map: Second Polish Republic in 1939, its borders in gold among its neighbours
Second Polish Republic in 1939, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 372,700 km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Where it sits in time

3000 BCE2000 BCE1000 BCE110002000Russian Republic: 1917 – 1917Austria-Hungary: 1867 – 1918Cisleithania: 1867 – 1918Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic: 1919 – 1991Soviet Union: 1923 – 1991General Government: 1939 – 1945Second Polish Republic: 1918 – 1939

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

Before it

After it

How it ended, as its article says

Conquered, 1939. Read from the article's section “lead” by its grammar; the claim is only that the article says so.

The Second Republic was taken over in 1939 on the eve of its twenty-first anniversary, after it was invaded by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and the Slovak Republic, marking the beginning of the European theatre of the Second World War.

One sentence of the English Wikipedia article, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Rulers

The line of chief of state (Poland).

Józef Piłsudski · 1918 – 1922 · resigned or stood down, the article saysGabriel Narutowicz · 1922 – 1922 · killed, the article saysStanisław Wojciechowski · 1922 – 1926 · no death date to read the end againstIgnacy Mościcki · 1926 – 1939 · no death date to read the end against1920192519301935
killed, executed or dead in battleleft alive by a regular roadending not on record
RulerReignLengthHow it ended · sourceTo the ruler before
Józef Piłsudski1918 – 19224 yearsresigned or stood down, the article saysread from the ruler's own article
Gabriel Narutowicz1922 – 1922under a yearkilled, the article saysread from the ruler's own article
Stanisław Wojciechowski1922 – 19264 yearsending not on record
Ignacy Mościcki1926 – 193913 yearsending not on record

4 rulers, 4 with terms dated as terms, covering 1918 – 1939. Only 21 years of the line are dated - too short for a median. 3 of 3 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

192519301935

371,900 km² in 1923, 372,700 km² in 1939; at its largest 372,700 km² in 1939. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flags and arms, in order

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

  • Flag of Poland (1919–1928)
    flag, 1919 – 1928Flag of Poland (1919–1928) · Public domain
  • Coat of arms of Poland (1928–1939)
    coat of arms, 1928 – 1956Coat of arms of Poland (1928–1939) · Public domain
  • Flag of Poland (1928–1980)
    flag, 1928 – 1980Flag of Poland (1928–1980) · Public domain

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

1900 – 199990 rows · 25 wars and battles · 9 risings, regime changes and massacres

and 82 more in the atlas.

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

  • How long it stood21 years

    stood longer than 23% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.

  • The most ground it held372,700 km²

    held more ground at its peak than 69% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.

  • Wars recorded per century3.0

    had more wars on record per century than 99% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.

  • Rulers on record4

    has more rulers on record than 58% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 42 causes the record names and 8 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

Russian Republic · Linked · 1917Russian RepublicSocialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia · Linked · 1919 – 1920Socialist Soviet Republic of Lit…Congress Poland · Linked · 1815 – 1915Congress PolandAustria-Hungary · Linked · 1867 – 1918Austria-HungaryCisleithania · Linked · 1867 – 1918CisleithaniaGerman Empire · Linked · 1871 – 1918German EmpireSecond Polish Republic · 1918 – 1939Second Polish RepublicSlovak Republic · Linked · 1939 – 1945Slovak RepublicGeneral Government · Linked · 1939 – 1945General GovernmentPolish government-in-exile · Linked · 1939 – 1990Polish government-in-exilePolish Underground State · Linked · 1939 – 1945Polish Underground StatePolish People's Republic · Linked · 1944 – 1989Polish People's RepublicSoviet Union · Linked · 1923 – 1991Soviet Union1850190019502000
linked

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Open in the atlas

Wikidata Q207272 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · one sentence of the English Wikipedia article, CC BY-SA 4.0 · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.