State · 509 – 27 BCE
Roman Republic
A state of 509 – 27 BCE — 482 years in Europe. It replaced Roman Kingdom. It was replaced by Roman Empire and Principate. The atlas records 86 things within it — wars and battles 70 · unrest and atrocity 1 · people 15. Its line of rulers holds 1,088 people.
For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.
- Stood
- 482 years
- 509 BCE – 27 BCE
- Rulers
- 1,088
- the Roman consul
- Most ground
- 3.06 million km²
- in 27 BCE
- Within it
- 86
- recorded rows
500 BCE · first mapped · 200 km²
27 BCE · at its largest · 3.06 million km²
Where it sits in time
Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.
Before and after
The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.
Before it
- Roman Kingdom · replaces · 753 – 509 BCE
After it
- Principate · replaced by
- Roman Empire · replaced by · 27 BCE – 395 CE
Rulers
The line of Roman consul.
Roman consul: 1,088 holders, drawn and never measured - Two consuls were elected each year and held office together.
| Ruler | Reign | Length | How it ended · source | To the ruler before |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lucius Junius Brutus · collegial | 509 BCE – 509 BCE | under a year | died in battleWikidata's manner of death | |
| Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus · collegial | 509 BCE – 509 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Titus Lucretius Tricipitinus · collegial | 508 BCE – 508 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Publius Valerius Poplicola · collegial | 507 BCE – 507 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Horatius Pulvillus · collegial | 507 BCE – 507 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Spurius Larcius · collegial | 506 BCE – 506 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Herminius Aquilinus · collegial | 506 BCE – 506 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Valerius Volusus · collegial | 505 BCE – 505 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Publius Postumius Tubertus · collegial | 505 BCE – 505 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Publius Valerius Poplicola · collegial | 504 BCE – 504 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Lucretius Tricipitinus · collegial | 504 BCE – 504 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Agrippa Menenius Lanatus · collegial | 503 BCE – 503 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Publius Postumius Tubertus · collegial | 503 BCE – 503 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Spurius Cassius Vecellinus · collegial | 502 BCE – 502 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Opiter Verginius Tricostus · collegial | 502 BCE – 502 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Postumus Cominius Auruncus · collegial | 501 BCE – 501 BCE | under a year | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Larcius · collegial | 501 BCE – 501 BCE | under a year | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Servius Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus · collegial | 500 BCE – 500 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Manius Tullius Longus · collegial | 500 BCE – 500 BCE | under a year | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Aebutius Helva · collegial | 499 BCE – 499 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Gaius Veturius Geminus Cicurinus · collegial | 499 BCE – 499 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Quintus Cloelius Siculus · collegial | 498 BCE – 498 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Larcius · collegial | 498 BCE – 498 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Minucius Augurinus · collegial | 497 BCE – 497 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Aulus Sempronius Atratinus · collegial | 497 BCE – 497 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Aulus Postumius Albus Regillensis · collegial | 496 BCE – 496 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus · collegial | 496 BCE – 496 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Publius Servilius Priscus Structus · collegial | 495 BCE – 495 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Appius Claudius Sabinus Regillensis · collegial | 495 BCE – 495 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Veturius Geminus Cicurinus · collegial | 494 BCE – 494 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Aulus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus · collegial | 494 BCE – 494 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Postumus Cominius Auruncus · collegial | 493 BCE – 493 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Spurius Cassius Vecellinus · collegial | 493 BCE – 493 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Geganius Macerinus · collegial | 492 BCE – 492 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Publius Minucius Augurinus · collegial | 492 BCE – 492 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Minucius Augurinus · collegial | 491 BCE – 491 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Aulus Sempronius Atratinus · collegial | 491 BCE – 491 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus · collegial | 490 BCE – 490 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Spurius Larcius · collegial | 490 BCE – 490 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Gaius Julius Iullus · collegial | 489 BCE – 489 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Publius Pinarius Mamercinus Rufus · collegial | 489 BCE – 489 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Sextus Furius · collegial | 488 BCE – 488 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Spurius Nautius Rutilus · collegial | 488 BCE – 488 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Sicinius Sabinus · collegial | 487 BCE – 487 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Gaius Aquillius Tuscus · collegial | 487 BCE – 487 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Proculus Verginius Tricostus Rutilus · collegial | 486 BCE – 486 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Spurius Cassius Vecellinus · collegial | 486 BCE – 486 BCE | under a year | executedWikidata's manner of death | |
| Quintus Fabius Vibulanus · collegial | 485 BCE – 485 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Servius Cornelius Maluginensis Cossus · collegial | 485 BCE – 485 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Caeso Fabius Vibulanus · collegial | 484 BCE – 484 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Fabius Vibulanus · collegial | 483 BCE – 483 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Valerius Potitus · collegial | 483 BCE – 483 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Gaius Julius Iullus · collegial | 482 BCE – 482 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Quintus Fabius Vibulanus · collegial | 482 BCE – 482 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Caeso Fabius Vibulanus · collegial | 481 BCE – 481 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Spurius Furius Fusus · collegial | 481 BCE – 481 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Fabius Vibulanus · collegial | 480 BCE – 480 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Gnaeus Manlius Cincinnatus · collegial | 480 BCE – 480 BCE | under a year | died in battleWikidata's manner of death | |
| Caeso Fabius Vibulanus · collegial | 479 BCE – 479 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Verginius Tricostus Rutilus · collegial | 479 BCE – 479 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Licinius Murena · collegial | 62 BCE – 62 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Pupius Piso Frugi Calpurnianus · collegial | 61 BCE – 61 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Marcus Valerius Messalla Niger · collegial | 61 BCE – 61 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Afranius · collegial | 60 BCE – 60 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer · collegial | 60 BCE – 60 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Julius Caesar · collegial | 59 BCE – 59 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus · collegial | 59 BCE – 59 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Aulus Gabinius · collegial | 58 BCE – 58 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus · collegial | 58 BCE – 58 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Publius Cornelius Lentulus Spinther · collegial | 57 BCE – 57 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Quintus Caecilius Metellus Nepos · collegial | 57 BCE – 57 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Lucius Marcius Philippus · collegial | 56 BCE – 56 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus · collegial | 56 BCE – 56 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Appius Claudius Pulcher · collegial | 54 BCE – 54 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus · collegial | 54 BCE – 54 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus · collegial | 53 BCE – 53 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus · collegial | 53 BCE – 53 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio · collegial | 52 BCE – 52 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Servius Sulpicius Rufus · collegial | 51 BCE – 51 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Claudius Marcellus · collegial | 51 BCE – 51 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Gaius Claudius Marcellus · collegial | 50 BCE – 50 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus · collegial | 50 BCE – 50 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus · collegial | 49 BCE – 49 BCE | under a year | killedWikidata's manner of death | |
| Gaius Claudius Marcellus · collegial | 49 BCE – 49 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Julius Caesar · collegial | 48 BCE – 48 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Publius Servilius Vatia Isauricus · collegial | 48 BCE – 48 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Publius Vatinius · collegial | 47 BCE – 47 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Quintus Fufius Calenus · collegial | 47 BCE – 47 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Julius Caesar · collegial | 46 BCE – 46 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lepidus · collegial | 46 BCE – 46 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Julius Caesar · collegial | 44 BCE – 44 BCE | under a year | killedWikidata's manner of death | |
| Mark Antony · collegial | 44 BCE – 44 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Aulus Hirtius · collegial | 43 BCE – 43 BCE | under a year | died in battleWikidata's manner of death | |
| Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus · collegial | 43 BCE – 43 BCE | under a year | died in battleWikidata's manner of death | |
| Lucius Munatius Plancus · collegial | 42 BCE – 42 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Antonius · collegial | 41 BCE – 41 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Gaius Asinius Pollio · collegial | 40 BCE – 40 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Cornelius Balbus · collegial | 40 BCE – 40 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Alfenus Varus · collegial | 39 BCE – — | no end recorded | ending not on record | |
| Lucius Marcius Censorinus · collegial | 39 BCE – 39 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Gaius Calvisius Sabinus · collegial | 39 BCE – 39 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Lucius Cornelius Lentulus · collegial | 38 BCE – 38 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Appius Claudius Pulcher · collegial | 38 BCE – 38 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Gaius Norbanus Flaccus · collegial | 38 BCE – 38 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Lucius Caninius Gallus · collegial | 37 BCE – 37 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Statilius Taurus · collegial | 37 BCE – 37 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa · collegial | 37 BCE – 37 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Cocceius Nerva · collegial | 36 BCE – 36 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Gellius Poplicola · collegial | 36 BCE – 36 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Sextus Pompeius · collegial | 35 BCE – 35 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Cornificius · collegial | 35 BCE – 35 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Paullus Aemilius Lepidus · collegial | 34 BCE – 34 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Scribonius Libo · collegial | 34 BCE – 34 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Mark Antony · collegial | 34 BCE – 34 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Lucius Volcatius Tullus · collegial | 33 BCE – 33 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Augustus · collegial | 33 BCE – 33 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus · collegial | 32 BCE – 32 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Gaius Sosius · collegial | 32 BCE – 32 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Marcus Licinius Crassus · collegial | 30 BCE – 30 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Titus Statilius Taurus · collegial | 26 BCE – 26 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone |
The first and last 60 of 754 reigns; the 634 between them are in the atlas.
1,088 rulers, 0 with terms dated as terms. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.
Ground held, by year
km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.
200 km² in 484 BCE, 3.06 million km² in 27 BCE; at its largest 3.06 million km² in 27 BCE. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.
What happened within it, by century
Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.
500 BCE – 401 BCE7 rows · 7 wars and battles
- Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe · war · 401 – 51 BCE
- Battle of Lake Regillus · battle · 497 BCE
- Battle of Cumae · battle · 474 BCE
- Battle of the Cremera · battle · 477 BCE
- Battle of Veii · battle · 406 – 396 BCE
- Battle of Mount Algidus · battle · 458 BCE
- Battle of Corbio · battle · 446 BCE
400 BCE – 301 BCE7 rows · 7 wars and battles
- Battle of the Allia · battle · 387 BCE
- Battle of the Caudine Forks · battle · 321 BCE
- Battle of Lautulae · battle · 315 BCE
- Battle of Mount Gaurus · battle · 342 BCE
- Battle of Bovianum · battle · 305 BCE
- Battle of Vesuvius · battle · 340 BCE
- Battle of Suessula · battle · 343 BCE
300 BCE – 201 BCE23 rows · 23 wars and battles
- Punic Wars · war · 264 – 146 BCE
- Battle of Lake Trasimene · battle · 217 BCE
- Battle of the Trebia · battle · 218 BCE
- Battle of Ticinus · battle · 218 BCE
- Battle of Beneventum · battle · 275 BCE
- Battle of Asculum · battle · 279 BCE
- Battle of the Metaurus · battle · 207 BCE
- Battle of Sentinum · battle · 295 BCE
and 15 more in the atlas.
200 BCE – 101 BCE8 rows · 6 wars and battles · 1 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Spartacus · commander · 103 – 71 BCE
- First Servile War · unrest · 135 – 132 BCE
- Battle of Aquae Sextiae · battle · 102 BCE
- Battle of Noreia · battle · 112 BCE
- Battle of the Aous · battle · 198 BCE
- Battle of Cremona · battle · 200 BCE
- Battle of Placentia · battle · 194 BCE
- Battle of Mutina · battle · 193 BCE
100 BCE – 1 BCE31 rows · 27 wars and battles
- Diodorus Siculus · scientist · 90 – 20 BCE
- Dionysius of Halicarnassus · writer · 60 – 7 BCE
- Third Servile War · war · 73 – 71 BCE
- Battle of Pharsalus · battle · 48 BCE
- Social War · war · 91 – 88 BCE
- Battle of Philippi · battle · 42 BCE
- Battle of Chaeronea · battle · 86 BCE
- Battle of the Sabis · battle · 57 BCE
and 23 more in the atlas.
Among all states
Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.
- How long it stood482 years
stood longer than 85% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
- The most ground it held3,057,600 km²
held more ground at its peak than 95% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
- Wars recorded per century1.7
had more wars on record per century than 97% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
What led to it, and what came of it
The investigation's own picture: 1 cause the record names and 4 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.
Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 557 BCE – 21, with everything that stood beside it.
- On the map in 27 BCE, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
- Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.
Wikidata Q17167 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.