State · 4001 – 30 BCE
Ancient Egypt
A state of 4001 – 30 BCE — 3,971 years in the Middle East and North Africa. It followed Prehistoric Egypt and Predynastic Period of Egypt. It was followed by Egypt in the Middle Ages. The atlas records 255 things within it — wars and battles 1 · people 254. Its line of rulers holds 518 people, 86 with dated terms.
For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.
- Stood
- 3,971 years
- 4001 BCE – 30 BCE
- Rulers
- 518
- the pharaoh
- Most ground
- 433,900 km²
- in 1800 BCE
- Within it
- 255
- recorded rows
2500 BCE · first mapped · 93,400 km²
1800 BCE · at its largest · 433,900 km²
Where it sits in time
Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.
Before and after
The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.
Before it
- Prehistoric Egypt · follows
- Predynastic Period of Egypt · follows
After it
- Egypt in the Middle Ages · followed by · 641
Rulers
The line of pharaoh.
2 terms are shared from [object Object],[object Object].
| Ruler | Reign | Length | How it ended · source | To the ruler before |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wash | 4001 BCE – 4001 BCE | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Iry-Hor | 3201 BCE – 3201 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Menes | 3200 BCE – 3125 BCE | 75 years | died by accidentWikidata's manner of death | |
| Merneith | 2961 BCE – 2961 BCE | under a year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Anedjib | 2930 BCE – 2920 BCE | 10 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | grandchild |
| Neferkara I | 2750 BCE – 2748 BCE | 2 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Neferkara I | 2724 BCE – 2719 BCE | 5 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Sneferu · from the line of Fourth Dynasty of Egypt | 2613 BCE – 2589 BCE | 24 years | ending not on record | |
| Djedefre | 2580 BCE – 2570 BCE | 10 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | grandchild |
| Khafre | 2570 BCE – 2530 BCE | 40 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | sibling |
| Userkaf | 2500 BCE – 2490 BCE | 10 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Sahure | 2490 BCE – 2475 BCE | 15 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Neferirkare Kakai | 2475 BCE – 2465 BCE | 10 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Shepseskare Isi | 2465 BCE – 2460 BCE | 5 years | ending not on record | grandchild |
| Neferefre | 2460 BCE – 2455 BCE | 5 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | parent |
| Nyuserre Ini · from the line of Fifth Dynasty of Egypt | 2454 BCE – 2419 BCE | 35 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | sibling |
| Menkauhor Kaiu | 2420 BCE – 2410 BCE | 10 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | nephew or niece |
| Djedkare Isesi | 2410 BCE – 2380 BCE | 30 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Unas | 2380 BCE – 2350 BCE | 30 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Teti | 2318 BCE – 2300 BCE | 18 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | in-law |
| Pepi I Meryre | 2295 BCE – 2250 BCE | 45 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Merenre Nemtyemsaf I | 2250 BCE – 2245 BCE | 5 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Pepi II Neferkare | 2245 BCE – 2180 BCE | 65 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Mentuhotep II | 2055 BCE – 2004 BCE | 51 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Mentuhotep III | 2010 BCE – 2001 BCE | 9 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Amenemhat I | 1977 BCE – 1947 BCE | 30 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Senusret I | 1947 BCE – 1911 BCE | 36 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Amenemhat II | 1911 BCE – 1879 BCE | 32 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Senusret II | 1879 BCE – 1872 BCE | 7 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Senusret III | 1872 BCE – 1853 BCE | 19 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | child |
| Amenemhat III | 1853 BCE – 1806 BCE | 47 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Amenemhat IV | 1806 BCE – 1798 BCE | 8 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | child |
| Sobekneferu | 1798 BCE – 1793 BCE | 5 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | sibling |
| Amenemhat VI | 1730 BCE – 1724 BCE | 6 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Nebiriau II | 1582 BCE – 1582 BCE | under a year | ending not on record | |
| Ahmose I | 1545 BCE – 1520 BCE | 25 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Thutmose I | 1499 BCE – 1489 BCE | 10 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Thutmose II | 1489 BCE – 1479 BCE | 10 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Hatshepsut | 1479 BCE – 1457 BCE | 22 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | sibling |
| Thutmose III | 1479 BCE – 1425 BCE | 54 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | nephew or niece |
| Amenhotep II | 1425 BCE – 1399 BCE | 26 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Thutmose IV | 1399 BCE – 1389 BCE | 10 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Amenhotep III | 1389 BCE – 1349 BCE | 40 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Akhenaten | 1349 BCE – 1333 BCE | 16 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Smenkhkare | 1337 BCE – 1336 BCE | 1 year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | sibling |
| Neferneferuaten | 1336 BCE – 1329 BCE | 7 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Tutankhamun | 1333 BCE – 1324 BCE | 9 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | |
| Ay | 1324 BCE – 1320 BCE | 4 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Horemheb | 1320 BCE – 1291 BCE | 29 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Ramesses I | 1291 BCE – 1289 BCE | 2 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Seti I | 1289 BCE – 1279 BCE | 10 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Ramesses II | 1279 BCE – 1212 BCE | 67 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Merneptah | 1212 BCE – 1202 BCE | 10 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Amenmesse | 1202 BCE – 1198 BCE | 4 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Seti II | 1199 BCE – 1193 BCE | 6 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | sibling |
| Siptah | 1196 BCE – 1190 BCE | 6 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Tausret | 1190 BCE – 1188 BCE | 2 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Setnakhte | 1190 BCE – 1186 BCE | 4 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Ramesses III | 1186 BCE – 1154 BCE | 32 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Ramesses IV | 1154 BCE – 1148 BCE | 6 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Ramesses V | 1148 BCE – 1143 BCE | 5 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Ramesses VI | 1143 BCE – 1135 BCE | 8 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Ramesses VII | 1135 BCE – 1128 BCE | 7 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Ramesses VIII | 1128 BCE – 1127 BCE | 1 year | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Ramesses IX | 1127 BCE – 1107 BCE | 20 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | nephew or niece |
| Ramesses X | 1107 BCE – 1103 BCE | 4 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Ramesses XI | 1103 BCE – 1073 BCE | 30 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | child |
| Bakenranef | 718 BCE – 712 BCE | 6 years | ending not on record | |
| Psamtik I | 664 BCE – 610 BCE | 54 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Necho II | 610 BCE – 595 BCE | 15 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Psamtik II | 595 BCE – 589 BCE | 6 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | child |
| Apries | 589 BCE – 570 BCE | 19 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | child |
| Amasis II | 570 BCE – 526 BCE | 44 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Psamtik III | 526 BCE – 525 BCE | 1 year | executedWikidata's manner of death | child |
| Cambyses II | 525 BCE – 522 BCE | 3 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | |
| Bardiya | 522 BCE – 522 BCE | under a year | killedWikidata's manner of death | sibling |
| Darius the Great | 522 BCE – 486 BCE | 36 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | in-law |
| Amyrtaeus | 404 BCE – 399 BCE | 5 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Hakor | 391 BCE – 379 BCE | 12 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Teos of Egypt | 361 BCE – 359 BCE | 2 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Darius III | 336 BCE – 332 BCE | 4 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Alexander the Great | 330 BCE – 323 BCE | 7 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | in-law |
| Alexander IV of Macedon | 322 BCE – 309 BCE | 13 years | killedWikidata's manner of death | child |
| Ptolemy I Soter | 305 BCE – 283 BCE | 22 years | the term ends after the recorded deathread off the dates alone | |
| Arsinoe III | 216 BCE – 204 BCE | 12 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Cleopatra | 51 BCE – 30 BCE | 21 years | died by suicideWikidata's manner of death | |
| Caesarion | 44 BCE – 30 BCE | 14 years | executedWikidata's manner of death | child |
518 rulers, 86 with terms dated as terms, covering 4001 BCE – 30 BCE. Median reign 10 years. 13 of 86 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.
Ground held, by year
km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.
93,400 km² in 2451 BCE, 433,900 km² in 1601 BCE; at its largest 433,900 km² in 1751 BCE. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.
What happened within it, by century
Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.
3000 BCE – 2901 BCE3 rows
- Qa'a · ruler · 2950 – 2890 BCE
- Hotepsekhemwy · ruler · 2901 BCE
- Nebra · ruler · 2901 – 2890 BCE
2900 BCE – 2801 BCE7 rows
- Djoser · ruler · 2801 – 2701 BCE
- Imhotep · inventor · 2801 – 2701 BCE
- Khasekhemwy · ruler · 2801 – 2701 BCE
- Sekhemkhet · ruler · 2801 – 2701 BCE
- Senedj · ruler · 2801 BCE
- Sekhemib-Perenmaat · ruler · 2801 – 2761 BCE
- Khasekhem · ruler · 2801 – 2702 BCE
2800 BCE – 2701 BCE9 rows
- Khufu · ruler · 2701 – 2566 BCE
- Sneferu · ruler · 2701 – 2609 BCE
- Seth-Peribsen · ruler · 2775 – 2650 BCE
- Khaba · ruler · 2701 BCE
- Sanakht · ruler · 2701 – 2668 BCE
- Horus Sa · ruler · 2701 BCE
- Sedjes · ruler · 2701 BCE
- Neferkare · ruler · 2701 BCE
and 1 more in the atlas.
2700 BCE – 2601 BCE9 rows
- Khafre · ruler · 2612 – 2530 BCE
- Djedefre · ruler · 2611 – 2558 BCE
- Huni · ruler · 2651 – 2630 BCE
- Sahure · ruler · 2601 – 2475 BCE
- Shepseskaf · ruler · 2601 – 2499 BCE
- Userkaf · ruler · 2601 – 2490 BCE
- Khentkaus I · ruler · 2601 BCE
- Thamphthis · ruler · 2601 – 2561 BCE
and 1 more in the atlas.
2600 BCE – 2501 BCE5 rows
- Menkaure · politician · 2532 – 2503 BCE
- Menkauhor Kaiu · ruler · 2501 – 2420 BCE
- Nyuserre Ini · ruler · 2501 – 2430 BCE
- Djedkare Isesi · ruler · 2501 – 2380 BCE
- Userkare · ruler · 2501 – 2330 BCE
2500 BCE – 2401 BCE2 rows
- Pepi I Meryre · ruler · 2401 – 2250 BCE
- Neferefre · ruler · 2480 – 2455 BCE
2400 BCE – 2301 BCE5 rows
- Pepi II Neferkare · ruler · 2301 – 2181 BCE
- Unas · ruler · 2375 – 2350 BCE
- Teti · ruler · 2351 – 2300 BCE
- Merenre Nemtyemsaf II · ruler · 2301 – 2201 BCE
- Neferkare Neby · ruler · 2301 – 2261 BCE
2300 BCE – 2201 BCE16 rows
- Intef I · ruler · 2201 – 2121 BCE
- Nitocris · ruler · 2251 – 2192 BCE
- Merenre Nemtyemsaf I · ruler · 2251 – 2245 BCE
- Mentuhotep I · ruler · 2201 BCE
- Menkare · ruler · 2201 BCE
- Merenhor · ruler · 2201 BCE
- Neferkare Pepiseneb · ruler · 2201 BCE
- Neferkare Tereru · ruler · 2201 BCE
and 8 more in the atlas.
2200 BCE – 2101 BCE6 rows
- Mentuhotep II · ruler · 2101 – 2013 BCE
- Intef II · ruler · 2151 – 2073 BCE
- Mentuhotep IV · ruler · 2101 – 1991 BCE
- Merikare · ruler · 2101 – 2040 BCE
- Nebkaure Khety · ruler · 2101 BCE
- Neferu II · ruler · 2101 – 2013 BCE
2100 BCE – 2001 BCE10 rows
- Senusret I · ruler · 2001 – 1919 BCE
- Amenemhat II · ruler · 2001 – 1885 BCE
- Mentuhotep III · ruler · 2051 – 2005 BCE
- Horus Bird · ruler · 2002 BCE
- Neferu III · ruler · 2001 BCE
- Senusret IV · ruler · 2001 BCE
- Segerseni · ruler · 2001 – 1990 BCE
- Iyibkhentre · ruler · 2001 – 1990 BCE
and 2 more in the atlas.
2000 BCE – 1901 BCE4 rows
- Senusret III · ruler · 1951 – 1842 BCE
- Amenemhat III · ruler · 1901 – 1806 BCE
- Sobekneferu · ruler · 1901 – 1793 BCE
- Amenemhat IV · ruler · 1901 – 1790 BCE
1900 BCE – 1801 BCE17 rows
- Wegaf · ruler · 1801 BCE
- Neferhotep I · ruler · 1801 – 1730 BCE
- Khendjer · ruler · 1801 BCE
- Sobekhotep III · ruler · 1801 BCE
- Hor Awibre · ruler · 1801 BCE
- Sekhemkare · ruler · 1801 BCE
- Khaankhre Sobekhotep · ruler · 1801 BCE
- Amenemhat VI · ruler · 1801 BCE
and 9 more in the atlas.
1800 BCE – 1701 BCE18 rows
- Khyan · ruler · 1701 – 1601 BCE
- Sheshi · ruler · 1701 BCE
- Salitis · ruler · 1701 BCE
- Merhotepre Sobekhotep · ruler · 1701 BCE
- Senebkay · ruler · 1701 BCE
- Ameny Qemau · ruler · 1701 BCE
- Nehesy · ruler · 1701 BCE
- Nebiryraw I · ruler · 1701 – 1601 BCE
and 10 more in the atlas.
1700 BCE – 1601 BCE18 rows
- Thutmose I · ruler · 1601 – 1493 BCE
- Kamose · ruler · 1601 – 1549 BCE
- Apepi · ruler · 1601 – 1540 BCE
- Tetisheri · ruler · 1601 – 1541 BCE
- Senakhtenre Ahmose · ruler · 1604 – 1559 BCE
- Senenmut · ruler · 1601 – 1463 BCE
- Sobekemsaf I · ruler · 1651 – 1603 BCE
- Sobekemsaf II · ruler · 1601 BCE
and 10 more in the atlas.
1600 BCE – 1501 BCE9 rows
- Hatshepsut · ruler · 1504 – 1458 BCE
- Ahmose I · ruler · 1560 – 1525 BCE
- Amenhotep I · person · 1527 – 1506 BCE
- Thutmose II · ruler · 1510 – 1479 BCE
- Thutmose IV · ruler · 1501 – 1390 BCE
- Seqenenre Tao · ruler · 1591 – 1554 BCE
- Ahhotep I · ruler · 1560 – 1530 BCE
- Ahmose · ruler · 1505 – 1493 BCE
and 1 more in the atlas.
1500 BCE – 1401 BCE6 rows
- Akhenaten · ruler · 1401 – 1336 BCE
- Ay · ruler · 1401 BCE
- Amenhotep II · ruler · 1441 – 1401 BCE
- Smenkhkare · ruler · 1401 – 1334 BCE
- Meritaten · ruler · 1401 BCE
- Neferneferuaten · ruler · 1401 BCE
1400 BCE – 1301 BCE13 rows
- Tutankhamun · ruler · 1343 – 1324 BCE
- Nefertiti · ruler · 1370 – 1330 BCE
- Ramesses II · ruler · 1303 – 1213 BCE
- Seti I · ruler · 1323 – 1279 BCE
- Amenhotep III · ruler · 1400 – 1351 BCE
- Ramesses I · ruler · 1301 – 1290 BCE
- Merneptah · ruler · 1301 – 1203 BCE
- Horemheb · ruler · 1351 – 1292 BCE
and 5 more in the atlas.
1300 BCE – 1201 BCE10 rows
- Ramesses III · ruler · 1217 – 1155 BCE
- Ramesses IV · ruler · 1201 – 1156 BCE
- Ramesses XI · ruler · 1201 – 1077 BCE
- Tausret · ruler · 1202 – 1189 BCE
- Ramesses V · ruler · 1201 – 1145 BCE
- Smendes · ruler · 1201 – 1052 BCE
- Ramesses VIII · ruler · 1201 – 1129 BCE
- Amenmesse · ruler · 1251 – 1200 BCE
and 2 more in the atlas.
1200 BCE – 1101 BCE9 rows
- Ramesses VI · ruler · 1176 – 1136 BCE
- Ramesses X · ruler · 1151 – 1107 BCE
- Ramesses VII · ruler · 1151 – 1129 BCE
- Psusennes I · ruler · 1101 – 1001 BCE
- Ramesses IX · ruler · 1151 – 1111 BCE
- Psusennes II · ruler · 1101 – 945 BCE
- Amenemnisu · ruler · 1101 – 1047 BCE
- Osorkon the Elder · ruler · 1101 – 986 BCE
and 1 more in the atlas.
1100 BCE – 1001 BCE9 rows
- Shoshenq I · ruler · 1001 – 924 BCE
- Osorkon I · ruler · 1001 – 889 BCE
- Siamun · ruler · 1051 – 959 BCE
- Amenemope · ruler · 1002 – 992 BCE
- Osorkon II · ruler · 1001 – 850 BCE
- Takelot I · ruler · 1001 – 874 BCE
- Harsiese A · ruler · 1001 – 860 BCE
- Sebkay · ruler · 1002 BCE
and 1 more in the atlas.
1000 BCE – 901 BCE10 rows
- Takelot II · ruler · 901 – 825 BCE
- Shoshenq II · ruler · 901 – 889 BCE
- Shoshenq III · ruler · 901 – 798 BCE
- Osorkon III · ruler · 901 – 758 BCE
- Pedubast I · ruler · 901 – 793 BCE
- Pami · ruler · 901 – 801 BCE
- Alara of Kush · ruler · 901 – 765 BCE
- Shoshenq IV · ruler · 901 – 785 BCE
and 2 more in the atlas.
900 BCE – 801 BCE18 rows
- Piye · ruler · 801 – 716 BCE
- Tantamani · ruler · 801 – 653 BCE
- Shabaka · ruler · 801 BCE
- Tefnakht · ruler · 801 BCE
- Shebitku · ruler · 801 – 701 BCE
- Rudamun · ruler · 801 – 754 BCE
- Kashta · ruler · 801 – 745 BCE
- Osorkon IV · ruler · 801 BCE
and 10 more in the atlas.
800 BCE – 701 BCE4 rows
- Necho II · ruler · 701 – 595 BCE
- Taharqa · ruler · 721 – 664 BCE
- Psamtik II · ruler · 701 – 589 BCE
- Ammeris · ruler · 751 – 695 BCE
700 BCE – 601 BCE3 rows
- Amasis II · ruler · 611 – 526 BCE
- Psamtik III · ruler · 601 – 525 BCE
- Apries · ruler · 651 – 567 BCE
600 BCE – 501 BCE4 rows
- Amyrtaeus · ruler · 501 – 399 BCE
- Psammuthes · ruler · 501 – 391 BCE
- Inaros II · ruler · 501 BCE
- Muthis · ruler · 501 – 393 BCE
500 BCE – 401 BCE7 rows
- Nectanebo II · ruler · 401 – 343 BCE
- Nectanebo I · ruler · 451 – 362 BCE
- Teos of Egypt · ruler · 401 BCE
- Hakor · ruler · 401 – 380 BCE
- Nepherites II · ruler · 401 – 380 BCE
- Eurydice of Egypt · ruler · 401 – 301 BCE
- Sekhmakh · ruler · 401 BCE
400 BCE – 301 BCE3 rows
- Ptolemy II Philadelphus · ruler · 308 – 246 BCE
- Arsinoe II · ruler · 316 – 270 BCE
- Horwennefer · ruler · 301 – 201 BCE
300 BCE – 201 BCE6 rows
- Ptolemy III Euergetes · ruler · 284 – 222 BCE
- Ptolemy V Epiphanes · ruler · 210 – 180 BCE
- Arsinoe III · ruler · 244 – 204 BCE
- Arsinoe I · ruler · 295 – 248 BCE
- Berenice II · ruler · 266 – 221 BCE
- Berenice Syra · politician · 275 – 246 BCE
200 BCE – 101 BCE9 rows
- Ptolemy XII Auletes · ruler · 117 – 51 BCE
- Ptolemy VI Philometor · ruler · 186 – 145 BCE
- Ptolemy IX Soter · ruler · 142 – 81 BCE
- Cleopatra II · ruler · 185 – 116 BCE
- Ptolemy VIII Physcon · ruler · 182 – 116 BCE
- Cleopatra III · ruler · 161 – 101 BCE
- Ptolemy X Alexander I · ruler · 139 – 88 BCE
- Ptolemy Eupator · ruler · 166 – 152 BCE
and 1 more in the atlas.
100 BCE – 1 BCE6 rows · 1 wars and battles
- Cleopatra · ruler · 69 – 30 BCE
- Caesarion · ruler · 47 – 30 BCE
- Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator · ruler · 62 – 47 BCE
- Roman–Persian wars · war · 54 BCE – 628 CE
- Ptolemy XIV Philopator · ruler · 60 – 44 BCE
- Cleopatra V · ruler · 100 – 57 BCE
Among all states
Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.
- How long it stood3,971 years
stood longer than 100% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
- The most ground it held433,900 km²
held more ground at its peak than 72% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
- Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 89% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
- How long a reign lasted, at the median10 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 35% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
- Rulers on record518
has more rulers on record than 100% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.
What led to it, and what came of it
The investigation's own picture: 2 causes the record names and 1 result, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.
Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 4398 BCE – 367, with everything that stood beside it.
- On the map in 1800 BCE, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
- Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.
Wikidata Q11768 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.