Pastlasby Oleh Voronko

State · 988 – 1111

County of Besalú

A state of 988 – 1111 — 123 years in Europe. It replaced Spanish march. It was replaced by Principality of Catalonia and Duchy of Girona. The atlas records 1 thing within it — people 1. Its line of rulers holds 4 people.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood
123 years
988 – 1111
Rulers
4
the Count of Besalú
Most ground
6,300 km²
in 980
Within it
1
recorded row
Map: County of Besalú in 980, its borders in gold among its neighbours
County of Besalú in 980, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 6,300 km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Where it sits in time

3000 BCE2000 BCE1000 BCE110002000Principality of Catalonia: 1173 – 1714County of Besalú: 988 – 1111

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

Before it

  • Spanish march · replaces

After it

Rulers

The line of Count of Besalú - the office this state names as its head of state.

Miró III of Cerdanya · 968 – 984 · no death date to read the end againstOliba Cabreta · 984 – 988 · left office aliveBernat III de Besalú · 1097 – 1111 · ended by a named eventRamon Berenguer III of Barcelona · 1111 – … · no end recorded100010501100
left alive by a regular roadending not on record
RulerReignLengthHow it ended · sourceTo the ruler before
Miró III of Cerdanya968 – 98416 yearsending not on record
Oliba Cabreta984 – 9884 yearsleft office aliveread off the dates alonesibling
Bernat III de Besalú1097 – 111114 yearsended by a named eventWikidata's end cause on the term
Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona1111 – —no end recordedending not on record

4 rulers, 4 with terms dated as terms, covering 968 – 1111. Median reign 14 years. 0 of 3 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

988

6,300 km² in 988. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

900 – 999: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other9001000 – 1099: 0 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 0 other10001100 – 1199: 1 recorded — 0 wars and battles, 0 risings, regime changes and massacres, 1 other1100

1100 – 11991 row

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

  • How long it stood123 years

    stood longer than 51% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.

  • The most ground it held6,300 km²

    held more ground at its peak than 12% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.

  • Wars recorded per centurynone

    had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.

  • How long a reign lasted, at the median14 years

    had longer reigns, at the median, than 46% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.

  • Rulers on record4

    has more rulers on record than 58% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 3 causes the record names and 3 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

Spanish march · Linked · 750 – 987Spanish marchCounty of Girona · In the article · 785 · “It was originally a pagus of the County of Girona in the Marca Hispanica.”County of GironaGothia · In the article · 207 · “Under Louis the Pious Gothia saw a reinvigorated monasticism spread first in Pallars and then eastward into Roussillon, Empúries, and Besalú.”GothiaCounty of Besalú · 988 – 1111County of BesalúPrincipality of Catalonia · Linked · 1173 – 1714Principality of CataloniaDuchy of Girona · Linked · 1351 – 1416Duchy of Girona50010001500
in the articlelinked

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Theories that apply to its ending

Of 3 theories of why states fall, 1 has every condition present at this ending; each is applied by its own logic, condition by condition, and whether its authors named this case is a footnote.

  • Dynastic cycle and the decay of group feeling

    Ibn Khaldun 1377 · Turchin & Nefedov 2009

    Applies by its own logic: the condition it names held here, and this is the kind of outcome it predicts — adverse regime change or the state's ending.

    • the state 90 to 160 years old — ageBand 123

Open in the atlas

Wikidata Q1541642 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.