State · 305 – 30 BCE

Ptolemaic Kingdom

A state of 305 – 30 BCE — 275 years in the Middle East and North Africa. It was replaced by Roman Egypt. The atlas records 17 things within it — wars and battles 7 · people 10. Its line of rulers holds 9 people, 4 with dated terms.

Held with the record of Ptolemaic dynasty, merged into this one.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 275 years; 305 BCE – 30 BCE
Rulers: 9; the head of state
Most ground: 1.27 million km²; in 31 BCE
Within it: 17; recorded rows
Symbol: 1; on record, with years

Map: Ptolemaic Kingdom in 31 BCE, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Ptolemaic Kingdom in 31 BCE, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 1.27 million km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Ptolemaic Kingdom in 307 BCE, first mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Ptolemaic Kingdom in 31 BCE, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

After it

Roman Egypt · replaced by

Rulers

The line of head of state.

killed, executed or dead in battledeposed, abdicated, exiled or removedending not on record

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source	To the ruler before
Ptolemy II Philadelphus	282 BCE – 246 BCE	36 years	killed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article
Berenice III	81 BCE – 80 BCE	1 year	ending not on record
Berenice IV	58 BCE – 55 BCE	3 years	deposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article	grandchild
Arsinoe IV	48 BCE – 47 BCE	1 year	executed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article	sibling

9 rulers, 4 with terms dated as terms, covering 282 BCE – 47 BCE. Median reign 2 years. 2 of 3 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

655,200 km² in 305 BCE, 555,300 km² in 30 BCE; at its largest 850,200 km² in 285 BCE. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

Flag or arms

Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

coat of arms, undatedPtolemaic eagle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Unknown

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

400 BCE – 301 BCE3 rows

Ptolemy I Soter · ruler · 367 – 282 BCE
Agathocles of Egypt · politician · 301 – 203 BCE
Sosibius · politician · 301 – 261 BCE

300 BCE – 201 BCE6 rows · 3 wars and battles

Eratosthenes · scientist · 276 – 194 BCE
Apollonius of Rhodes · writer · 295 – 215 BCE
Ptolemy IV Philopator · ruler · 244 – 204 BCE
Battle of Raphia · battle · 217 BCE
Battle of Andros · battle · 246 BCE
Battle of Lysimachia · battle · 277 BCE

200 BCE – 101 BCE2 rows · 1 wars and battles

Ptolemy Apion · person · 141 – 96 BCE
Battle of Panium · battle · 200 BCE

100 BCE – 1 BCE6 rows · 3 wars and battles

Cleopatra Selene II · ruler · 40 – 5 BCE
Berenice IV · ruler · 77 – 55 BCE
Arsinoe IV · ruler · 68 – 41 BCE
Siege of Alexandria · battle · 47 BCE
Battle of the Nile · battle · 47 BCE
Battle of Alexandria · battle · 30 BCE

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood275 years
stood longer than 71% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held1,274,500 km²
held more ground at its peak than 87% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median3 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 9% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record9
has more rulers on record than 78% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 2 causes the record names and 1 result, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

linkedcoincidence

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 333 BCE – 2 BCE, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 31 BCE, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q2320005 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.