State · 1871 – 1949
German Reich
A state of 1871 – 1949 — 78 years in Europe. It replaced North German Confederation, Kingdom of Saxony and Federal State of Austria. It was replaced by Germany, East Germany and West Germany. The atlas records 50 things within it — wars and battles 3 · unrest and atrocity 3 · treaties 1 · people 43. Its line of rulers holds 9 people. Its own article says it was dissolved.
For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.
- Stood
- 78 years
- 1871 – 1949
- Rulers
- 9
- the president of Germany
- Within it
- 50
- recorded rows
- Symbols
- 6
- on record, with years
Where it sits in time
Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.
Before and after
The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.
Before it
- North German Confederation · replaces · 1867 – 1870
- Kingdom of Saxony · replaces · 1806 – 1918
- Federal State of Austria · replaces · 1934 – 1938
After it
- East Germany · replaced by · 1949 – 1990
- Germany · replaced by · 1990 – present
- West Germany · replaced by · 1949 – 1990
How it ended, as its article says
Dissolved, 1945-04-30. Read from the article's section “lead” by its grammar; the claim is only that the article says so.
The German Reich collapsed de facto with the death of Adolf Hitler on 30 April 1945, when the Allies decided not to recognise Karl Dönitz as the Reich President and to grant no legitimacy to the Flensburg Government he had formed.
One sentence of the English Wikipedia article, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Rulers
The line of president of Germany - the office this state names as its head of state.
1 terms are shared from [object Object].
| Ruler | Reign | Length | How it ended · source | To the ruler before |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wilhelm I | 1861 – 1888 | 27 years | died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone | |
| Frederick III, German Emperor | 1888 – 1888 | under a year | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | child |
| Wilhelm II | 1888 – 1918 | 30 years | deposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article | child |
| Friedrich Ebert · from the line of North German Confederation | 1918 – 1925 | 7 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | |
| Hans Luther | 1925 – 1925 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Walter Simons | 1925 – 1925 | under a year | resigned or stood down, the article saysread from the ruler's own article | |
| Paul von Hindenburg | 1925 – 1934 | 9 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | |
| Adolf Hitler | 1934 – 1945 | 11 years | died by suicideWikidata's manner of death | |
| Karl Dönitz | 1945 – 1945 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone |
9 rulers, 9 with terms dated as terms, covering 1861 – 1945. Median reign 7 years. 1 of 8 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.
Heads of government
The line of Reich Chancellor, drawn and never measured: a cabinet is not a reign.
| Adolf Hitler | 1933 – 1945 |
| Joseph Goebbels | 1945 – 1945 |
Flags and arms, in order
Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.
.svg/120px-Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg.png)
flag, 1871 – 1919Flag of Germany (1867–1918) · Public domain .svg/120px-Flag_of_Germany_(3-2).svg.png)
flag, 1919 – 1933Flag of Germany (3-2) · Public domain .svg/120px-Flag_of_Germany_(1933%E2%80%931935).svg.png)
flag, 1933 – 1935Flag of Germany (1933–1935) · Public domain 
coat of arms, 1933 – 1935Coat of arms of Germany · Public domain .svg/120px-Flag_of_Germany_(1935%E2%80%931945).svg.png)
flag, 1935 – 1945Flag of Germany (1935–1945) · Public domain .svg/120px-Reichsadler_Deutsches_Reich_(1935%E2%80%931945).svg.png)
coat of arms, 1935 – 1945Reichsadler Deutsches Reich (1935–1945) · Public domain
What happened within it, by century
Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.
1800 – 189927 rows
- Adolf Hitler · ruler · 1889 – 1945
- Gustav Ludwig Hertz · scientist · 1887 – 1975
- Rudolf Hess · politician · 1894 – 1987
- Karl Liebknecht · politician · 1871 – 1919
- Hans Luther · ruler · 1879 – 1962
- Anton Drexler · politician · 1884 – 1942
- Theodor Eicke · politician · 1892 – 1943
- Erich Hoepner · commander · 1886 – 1944
and 19 more in the atlas.
1900 – 199923 rows · 3 wars and battles · 3 risings, regime changes and massacres
- Claus von Stauffenberg · commander · 1907 – 1944
- Kristallnacht · atrocity · 1938
- German revolution of 1918–1919 · unrest · 1918
- Final Solution · atrocity · 1941 – 1945
- Rudolf Höss · politician · 1900 – 1947
- Joachim Peiper · commander · 1915 – 1976
- Alois Brunner · politician · 1912 – 2001
- Karl Hanke · politician · 1903 – 1945
and 15 more in the atlas.
Among all states
Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.
- How long it stood78 years
stood longer than 42% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
- Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
- How long a reign lasted, at the median7 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 26% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
- Rulers on record9
has more rulers on record than 78% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.
What led to it, and what came of it
The investigation's own picture: 40 causes the record names and 3 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.
Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1861 – 1959, with everything that stood beside it.
- On the map in 1910, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
- Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.
Wikidata Q1206012 (CC0) · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · one sentence of the English Wikipedia article, CC BY-SA 4.0 · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.