State · 1819 – 1831
Gran Colombia
A state of 1819 – 1831 — 12 years in the Americas and Oceania. It replaced Real Audiencia of Quito and Viceroyalty of New Granada. It was replaced by Venezuela, Ecuador and Federal Republic of Central America and 2 more. The atlas records 5 things within it — wars and battles 3 · people 2. Its line of rulers holds 7 people. Its own article says it was dissolved.
For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.
- Stood
- 12 years
- 1819 – 1831
- Rulers
- 7
- the President of Colombia
- Most ground
- 4.34 million km²
- in 1824
- Within it
- 5
- recorded rows
- Symbols
- 2
- on record, with years
Where it sits in time
Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.
Before and after
The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.
Before it
- Real Audiencia of Quito · replaces · 1563 – 1822
- Viceroyalty of New Granada · replaces
After it
- Federal Republic of Central America · replaced by · 1823 – 1841
- Republic of New Granada · replaced by · 1831 – 1858
- Venezuela · replaced by · 1999 – present
- Ecuador · replaced by · 1830 – present
- British Guiana · replaced by
How it ended, as its article says
Dissolved, 1831. Read from the article's section “lead” by its grammar; the claim is only that the article says so.
Gran Colombia was dissolved in 1831 due to the political differences that existed between supporters of federalism and centralism, as well as regional tensions among the peoples that made up the republic.
One sentence of the English Wikipedia article, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Rulers
The line of President of Colombia - the office this state names as its head of state.
| Ruler | Reign | Length | How it ended · source | To the ruler before |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Camilo Torres Tenorio | 1812 – 1814 | 2 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Custodio García Rovira | 1814 – 1815 | 1 year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| José Miguel Pey | 1815 – 1815 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Simón Bolívar | 1819 – 1830 | 11 years | died in office of natural causesWikidata's manner of death | |
| Domingo Caycedo | 1830 – 1830 | under a year | deposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article | |
| Jerónimo de Mendoza Galavís | 1831 – 1831 | under a year | left office aliveread off the dates alone | |
| Francisco de Paula Santander | 1832 – 1837 | 5 years | left office aliveread off the dates alone |
7 rulers, 7 with terms dated as terms, covering 1812 – 1837. Only 25 years of the line are dated - too short for a median. 1 of 6 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. The violent-handover count is withheld: power changed hands so often that any rising falls beside one (exposure 0.81, limit 0.6). A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.
Ground held, by year
km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.
4.34 million km² in 1824, 2.86 million km² in 1831; at its largest 4.34 million km² in 1824. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.
Flags and arms, in order
Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.
.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Gran_Colombia_(1821).svg.png)
coat of arms, undatedCoat of arms of Gran Colombia (1821) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Milenioscuro 
flag, undatedFlag of Gran Colombia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Milenioscuro
What happened within it, by century
Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.
1800 – 18994 rows · 3 wars and battles
- Battle of Pichincha · battle · 1822
- Martín Tovar y Tovar · artist · 1827 – 1902
- Gran Colombia–Peru War · war · 1828 – 1829
- Battle of Lake Maracaibo · battle · 1823
Among all states
Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.
- How long it stood12 years
stood longer than 19% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
- The most ground it held4,341,200 km²
held more ground at its peak than 97% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
- Wars recorded per century1.0
had more wars on record per century than 94% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
- Rulers on record7
has more rulers on record than 73% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.
What led to it, and what came of it
The investigation's own picture: 3 causes the record names and 5 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.
Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.
Theories that apply to its ending
Of 3 theories of why states fall, 1 has every condition present at this ending; each is applied by its own logic, condition by condition, and whether its authors named this case is a footnote.
Demographic-structural breakdown
Goldstone 1991 · Turchin & Nefedov 2009
Applies by its own logic: 2 of its 3 conditions held here (it needs 2), and this is the kind of outcome it predicts — unrest, adverse regime change or the state's ending.
- overlapping reigns — rival claimants — within 20 y, or 3 or more changes of ruler within 20 y, or 2 or more reigns of two years or less within 20 y, or a monarch deposed or killed within 20 y — handovers 5; shortReigns 2
- a war the state is fighting, still under way, or a war the state fought, ended within 10 y — warOngoing; warEnded
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1809 – 1841, with everything that stood beside it.
- On the map in 1824, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
- Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.
Wikidata Q199821 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · one sentence of the English Wikipedia article, CC BY-SA 4.0 · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.