State · 962 – 1187

Ghaznavid Empire

A state of 962 – 1187 — 225 years in South Asia. It replaced Saffarid State. The atlas records 20 things within it — wars and battles 2 · people 18. Its line of rulers holds 16 people.

For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.

Stood: 225 years; 962 – 1187
Rulers: 16; the Sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire
Most ground: 3.00 million km²; in 1028
Within it: 20; recorded rows

Map: Ghaznavid Empire in 1028, its borders in gold among its neighbours — Ghaznavid Empire in 1028, when it held the most ground the borders dataset draws for it: 3.00 million km². Its neighbours wear their tints, as on the atlas's own map. Borders from Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0), coast and rivers from Natural Earth, cities from Reba, Reitsma & Seto 2016 (CC BY 4.0), each city under the name it bore that year.

Ghaznavid Empire in 962, first mapped — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Ghaznavid Empire in 1028, at its largest — The rise and the fall in one frame: the same ground at the years the borders dataset first maps it, maps it largest, and last maps it.

Where it sits in time

Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold.

Before and after

The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.

Before it

Saffarid State · replaces

Rulers

The line of Sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire.

killed, executed or dead in battledeposed, abdicated, exiled or removeddied in officeleft alive by a regular roadending not on recorda second row: a reign that began before the last had ended — rival claimants, or a shared throne

Ruler	Reign	Length	How it ended · source	To the ruler before
Ismail of Ghazni	997 – 998	1 year	ending not on record
Muhammad of Ghazni	1030 – 1041	11 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	nephew or niece
Masʽud I	1030 – 1041	11 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	sibling
Mawdud of Ghazni	1041 – 1048	7 years	left office aliveread off the dates alone	child
Masud II	1048 – 1048	under a year	left office aliveread off the dates alone	child
Ali of Ghazna	1048 – 1049	1 year	left office aliveread off the dates alone
Abd al-Rashid ben Mahmud	1049 – 1052	3 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Toghrul of Ghazna	1052 – 1053	1 year	executedWikidata's manner of death
Farrukh-Zad of Ghazna	1053 – 1059	6 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone
Ibrahim of Ghazna	1059 – 1099	40 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	sibling
Mas'ud III of Ghazni	1099 – 1115	16 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Arslan-Shah of Ghazna	1114 – 1117	3 years	left office aliveread off the dates alone	child
Shir-Zad of Ghazna	1115 – 1116	1 year	deposed, the article saysread from the ruler's own article	sibling
Bahram-Shah of Ghazna	1117 – 1152	35 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	sibling
Khusrau Shah of Ghazna	1152 – 1160	8 years	died in office, manner not recordedread off the dates alone	child
Khusrau Malik	1160 – 1186	26 years	left office aliveread off the dates alone	child

16 rulers, 16 with terms dated as terms, covering 997 – 1186. Median reign 6.5 years. 6 of 15 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.

Ground held, by year

km² inside its borders as the borders dataset draws them, measured on an equal-area grid; a step series, held between the years the dataset maps.

296,900 km² in 962, 146,500 km² in 1187; at its largest 3.00 million km² in 1032. Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0.

What happened within it, by century

Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.

900 – 9994 rows · 1 wars and battles

Mahmud of Ghazni · person · 971 – 1030
Masʽud I · ruler · 998 – 1041
Muhammad of Ghazni · ruler · 998 – 1041
Battle of Ghazni · battle · 998

1000 – 109913 rows · 1 wars and battles

Nizam al-Mulk · politician · 1018 – 1092
Gardizi · scientist · 1001 – 1061
Mawdud of Ghazni · ruler · 1020 – 1049
Bahram-Shah of Ghazna · ruler · 1084 – 1152
Ibrahim of Ghazna · ruler · 1032 – 1099
Mas'ud III of Ghazni · ruler · 1061 – 1115
Arslan-Shah of Ghazna · ruler · 1092 – 1118
Battle of Peshawar · battle · 1001

and 5 more in the atlas.

1100 – 11993 rows

Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji · commander · 1101 – 1206
Khusrau Malik · ruler · 1140 – 1191
Khusrau Shah of Ghazna · ruler · 1121 – 1160

Among all states

Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.

How long it stood225 years
stood longer than 66% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
The most ground it held2,996,300 km²
held more ground at its peak than 95% of 1,465 states with a border in Cliopatria.
Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
How long a reign lasted, at the median7 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 26% of 967 states whose dated line can carry a median.
Rulers on record16
has more rulers on record than 89% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.

What led to it, and what came of it

The investigation's own picture: 3 causes the record names and 0 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.

linkedcoincidence

Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.

Open in the atlas

On the timeline, 939 – 1210, with everything that stood beside it.
On the map in 1028, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.

Wikidata Q249578 (CC0) · borders Cliopatria, CC BY 4.0 · coast and rivers Natural Earth · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.