State · 1473 – 1829
Duchy of Massa and Carrara
A state of 1473 – 1829 — 356 years in Europe. Its line of rulers holds 3 people.
For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.
- Stood
- 356 years
- 1473 – 1829
- Rulers
- 3
- the Duchess of Massa and Princess of Carrara
- Symbols
- 3
- on record, with years
Where it sits in time
Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold.
Rulers
Read from the state’s own English article and its rulers’ articles, where Wikidata names no ruler.
| Ruler | Reign | Length | How it ended · source | To the ruler before |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, Duchess of Massa | 1731 – 1790 | 59 years | ending not on record | |
| Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa | 1790 – 1796 | 6 years | ending not on record | child |
| Francis IV of Modena | 1829 – 1836 | 7 years | ending not on record | child |
3 rulers, 3 with terms dated as terms, covering 1731 – 1836. Median reign 7 years. 0 of 2 handovers irregular - a killing, a deposition, a rival claimant, a rising or a coup beside it. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.
Flags and arms, in order
Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.
coat of arms, undatedCoat of Arms of the Principality of Massa · CC BY-SA 4.0 · MostEpic 
flag, undatedFlag of Massa and Carrara · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Germenfer 
coat of arms, undatedCoat of Arms of the Duchy of Massa · CC BY-SA 4.0 · MostEpic
Among all states
Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.
- How long it stood356 years
stood longer than 78% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
- Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 43% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
- How long a reign lasted, at the median7 years
had longer reigns, at the median, than 23% of 1,083 states whose dated line can carry a median.
- Rulers on record3
has more rulers on record than 44% of 2,060 states with a line of rulers.
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1437 – 1865, with everything that stood beside it.
- On the map in 1651, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
- Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.
Wikidata Q933592 (CC0) · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-07 · Pastlas v2.13.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.