State · 1482 – 1581
Seventeen Provinces
A state of 1482 – 1581 — 99 years in Europe. It was replaced by Dutch Republic and Spanish Netherlands. The atlas records 4 things within it — wars and battles 1 · people 3. Its line of rulers holds 3 people, 1 with dated terms.
For the full story, the article on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); this page holds what the record says of the state.
- Stood
- 99 years
- 1482 – 1581
- Rulers
- 3
- the Lord of the Netherlands
- Within it
- 4
- recorded rows
- Symbols
- 2
- on record, with years
Where it sits in time
Five thousand years, 3000 BCE to 2026; the state in gold, what it replaced or followed and what replaced or followed it in grey.
Before and after
The states the record files it as replacing or following, and those that replaced or followed it - Wikidata's own statements, each read from this state's side.
After it
- Dutch Republic · replaced by · 1581 – 1795
- Spanish Netherlands · replaced by · 1581 – 1714
Rulers
The line of Lord of the Netherlands - the office this state names as its head of state.
| Ruler | Reign | Length | How it ended · source | To the ruler before |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip II of Spain | 1555 – — | no end recorded | ending not on record |
3 rulers, 1 with terms dated as terms, covering 1555 – 1555. A blank in the last column means no kin on record, which is coverage, never “unrelated”.
Flags and arms, in order
Each symbol with the years its own statement gives; the timeline flies the one of the year on screen.

coat of arms, undatedCoat of Arms of Philip IV of Burgundy · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Heralder 
flag, undatedFlag of Cross of Burgundy · Public domain
What happened within it, by century
Every row the atlas hosts under this state, by the century it began in: wars and battles in red, risings, regime changes and massacres beside them, everything else in grey. A tall bar is a century the record is full for, which is partly a fact about Wikipedia.
1400 – 14992 rows
- Philip the Handsome · ruler · 1478 – 1506
- Menno Simons · philosopher · 1496 – 1561
1500 – 15992 rows · 1 wars and battles
- Eighty Years' War · battle · 1568 – 1648
- Cornelis de Houtman · explorer · 1565 – 1599
Among all states
Each measure against the states that carry it, never against all of them: a bar is the share of those states below this one.
- How long it stood99 years
stood longer than 46% of 3,187 states with a recorded end or still standing.
- Wars recorded per centurynone
had more wars on record per century than 44% of 3,187 states, counting the wars the atlas hosts under each.
- Rulers on record3
has more rulers on record than 48% of 1,968 states with a line of rulers.
What led to it, and what came of it
The investigation's own picture: 2 causes the record names and 2 results, the strongest six of each at their own years, joined to the state by the kind of claim - a recorded statement solid, the article's sentence dashed, a theory dash-dot.
Open the investigation: every row with its evidence, the conditions at the time, the theories condition by condition, and the succession analysed.
Theories that apply to its ending
Of 3 theories of why states fall, 1 has every condition present at this ending; each is applied by its own logic, condition by condition, and whether its authors named this case is a footnote.
Dynastic cycle and the decay of group feeling
Ibn Khaldun 1377 · Turchin & Nefedov 2009
Applies by its own logic: the condition it names held here, and this is the kind of outcome it predicts — adverse regime change or the state's ending.
- the state 90 to 160 years old — ageBand 99
Open in the atlas
- On the timeline, 1472 – 1591, with everything that stood beside it.
- On the map in 1532, live: scrub the year and watch its borders move.
- Investigate it: what led to it, what came of it, and its succession analysed.
Wikidata Q330533 (CC0) · symbols from Wikimedia Commons, each credited above · data built 2026-10-06 · Pastlas v2.9.1, by Oleh Voronko. The published atlas and its data are for non-commercial use.